the effect of glibenclamide on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immunity, intestinal microbial flora, intestinal morphology and breast muscle fatty acid profile in broilers

Introduction: glibenclamide, with iupac name chloro-n-(4-[n-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl) sulfamoyl] phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide, is a sulfonylurea derivative with a melting point of 169-174 ◦c. this substance is in the form of a white crystalline powder, often without smell andtaste, insoluble in water but soluble in methylene chloride. glibenclamide is classified assulfonylurea drugs which act by stimulating beta cells of the pancreas to secrete more insulinthrough increased intercellular camp. these drugs are only effective in people who have minimalability to secrete insulin. at the same time, these drugs have been suggested to increase the bindingof insulin to receptors and increase the number of insulin receptors (rambiritch et al. 2007). recentstudies have reported that glibenclamide also plays a role in the hypoglycemic effects in theregulation of inflammation. no data are available regarding the effect of glibenclamide in broilersand whether glibenclamide can have an effect on performance, carcass characteristics, bloodparameters, immunity, intestinal microbial flora, intestinal morphology, and fatty acid profile andnot clear whether it is benefit in chicken or not and it needs further investigation.materials and methods: this research was conducted in 2022 at a broiler farm located in rasht.the trial utilized 120 one-day-old broiler chickens of the commercial strain ross 308 with anaverage weight of 43±1g. the experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 3treatments and 4 replications of 10 chickens per pen for 42 days. experimental treatments includethree dietary concentrations of glibenclamide: 0 (control), 75, or 100 mg/kg glibenclamide). theration was formulated to meet the minimum nutritional requirements of the ross 308 strain.chickens were reared in 1×1 m cages on a bed of cellulose rolls for 42 days. the weight gain of allchickens in each pen was calculated by a digital scale with an accuracy of ±10 g during periods of 1to 10, 11 to 21, and 22 to 42 d. at the end of each period, the amount of remaining feed (beginning1 to 10, growth 11 to 21 and ending 22 to 42) at the beginning of each period, the amount of feedconsumed was calculated by weighing in each feeder and deducting from the amount of feed given.also, feed conversion was calculated by dividing the amount of feed consumption by the weightgain for days 1 to 10, 11 to 21, and 22 to 42 and the entire period. economic efficiency, carcasscharacteristics, digestive organs, blood parameters, immune responses, intestinal microbial flora,intestinal morphology, and breast fatty acid profile were measured. all data collected during the experiment and laboratory traits were analyzed by analyses of variance using statistical software.means were compared with duncan's multiple range test at 5% statistical levels. results and discussion: the results indicate that during all of the growing periods, the use ofglibenclamide did not affect the performance of broiler chickens (p≥0.05). also, weight at 42 d ofage, feed cost per kg live weight (rial/kg), and european index were not different among dietaryconcentrations of glibenclamide (p≥0.05). use of two different levels of glibenclamide did not havea difference on live weight, featherless weight, thigh percentage, breast percentage and abdominalfat (p≥0.05), but 75 mg/kg was reported to reduce fat in the ventricular area. glibenclamide did notaffect blood glucose concentrations (p>0.05). feeding 0 or 75 mg/kg of glibenclamide as asulfonylurea derivative reduced cholesterol, triglycerides, hdl, vldl and ldl concentrations(p<0.05). the ldl to hdl ratio was highest for 75 compared with 0 and 100 mg/kg glibenclamide (p<0.05). in contrast, concentrations of total protein, albumin and globulin were greatest for 0 mg/kg, intermediate for 75 mg/kg and highest for 100 mg/kg (p<0.05).

the effect of glibenclamide on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immunity, intestinal microbial flora, intestinal morphology and breast muscle fatty acid profile in broilers

introduction: glibenclamide, with iupac name chloro-n-(4-[n-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl) sulfamoyl] phenethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide, is a sulfonylurea derivative with a melting point of 169-174 ◦c. this substance is in the form of a white crystalline powder, often without smell andtaste, insoluble in water but soluble in methylene chloride. glibenclamide is classified assulfonylurea drugs which act by stimulating beta cells of the pancreas to secrete more insulinthrough increased intercellular camp. these drugs are only effective in people who have minimalability to secrete insulin. at the same time, these drugs have been suggested to increase the bindingof insulin to receptors and increase the number of insulin receptors (rambiritch et al. 2007). recentstudies have reported that glibenclamide also plays a role in the hypoglycemic effects in theregulation of inflammation. no data are available regarding the effect of glibenclamide in broilersand whether glibenclamide can have an effect on performance, carcass characteristics, bloodparameters, immunity, intestinal microbial flora, intestinal morphology, and fatty acid profile andnot clear whether it is benefit in chicken or not and it needs further investigation.materials and methods: this research was conducted in 2022 at a broiler farm located in rasht.the trial utilized 120 one-day-old broiler chickens of the commercial strain ross 308 with anaverage weight of 43±1g. the experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 3treatments and 4 replications of 10 chickens per pen for 42 days. experimental treatments includethree dietary concentrations of glibenclamide: 0 (control), 75, or 100 mg/kg glibenclamide). theration was formulated to meet the minimum nutritional requirements of the ross 308 strain.chickens were reared in 1×1 m cages on a bed of cellulose rolls for 42 days. the weight gain of allchickens in each pen was calculated by a digital scale with an accuracy of ±10 g during periods of 1to 10, 11 to 21, and 22 to 42 d. at the end of each period, the amount of remaining feed (beginning1 to 10, growth 11 to 21 and ending 22 to 42) at the beginning of each period, the amount of feedconsumed was calculated by weighing in each feeder and deducting from the amount of feed given.also, feed conversion was calculated by dividing the amount of feed consumption by the weightgain for days 1 to 10, 11 to 21, and 22 to 42 and the entire period. economic efficiency, carcasscharacteristics, digestive organs, blood parameters, immune responses, intestinal microbial flora,intestinal morphology, and breast fatty acid profile were measured. all data collected during the experiment and laboratory traits were analyzed by analyses of variance using statistical software.means were compared with duncan's multiple range test at 5% statistical levels. results and discussion: the results indicate that during all of the growing periods, the use ofglibenclamide did not affect the performance of broiler chickens (p≥0.05). also, weight at 42 d ofage, feed cost per kg live weight (rial/kg), and european index were not different among dietaryconcentrations of glibenclamide (p≥0.05). use of two different levels of glibenclamide did not havea difference on live weight, featherless weight, thigh percentage, breast percentage and abdominalfat (p≥0.05), but 75 mg/kg was reported to reduce fat in the ventricular area. glibenclamide did notaffect blood glucose concentrations (p>0.05). feeding 0 or 75 mg/kg of glibenclamide as asulfonylurea derivative reduced cholesterol, triglycerides, hdl, vldl and ldl concentrations(p<0.05). the ldl to hdl ratio was highest for 75 compared with 0 and 100 mg/kg glibenclamide (p<0.05). in contrast, concentrations of total protein, albumin and globulin were greatest for 0 mg/kg, intermediate for 75 mg/kg and highest for 100 mg/kg (p<0.05).