ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﺗﺠﺎری extract6930 ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، وزن و ﻃﻮل ﻧﺴﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﻮارش، آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎ و ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﺧﻮن در ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎی ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ: ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﺋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ آﻧﺘﯽﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏﻫﺎ در ﺟﯿﺮه ﻃﯿﻮر ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف: اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن دارﭼﯿﻦ، ﻣﺮزﻧﺠﻮش و ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، وزن و ﻃﻮل ﻧﺴﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎی دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﻮارش، آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎ و ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﺧﻮن در ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎی ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﮐﺎر: آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 4 ﺗﯿﻤﺎر، 6 ﺗﮑﺮار و 8 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﻧﺮ ﺳﻮﯾﻪ راس308 در ﻫﺮ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 42روز اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از: 1 ﺟﯿﺮه ﭘﺎﯾﻪ، 2 ﺟﯿﺮه ﭘﺎﯾﻪ + 50ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، 3 ﺟﯿﺮه ﭘﺎﯾﻪ + 100ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ و 4 ﺟﯿﺮه ﭘﺎﯾﻪ + 150ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺼﺮف ﺧﻮراک و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿ ﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ؛ در ﻋﯿﻦ ﺣﺎل ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه 100و 150ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن ﺑﺪن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ 0/05>p . ﻣﺼﺮف ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻃﻮل ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ژژﻧﻮم و اﯾﻠﺌﻮم ﺷﺪ 0/05>p ؛ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻃﻮل دﺋﻮدﻧﻮم و ﺳﮑﻮم ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ. آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎی ﮐﺒﺪی آﺳﭙﺎرﺗﺎتﺗﺮاﻧﺲآﻣﯿﻨﺎز و آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ؛ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﻄﻮح 100و 150ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻻﻧﯿﻦآﻣﯿﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز و ﻻﮐﺘﺎتدﻫﯿﺪروژﻧﺎز در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ 0/05>p . ﻣﺼﺮف 150ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎرهﻫﺎی ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ و ﻣﻨﯿﺰﯾﻢ ﺧﻮن ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎی ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﺷﺪ 0/05>p . ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ-ﮔﯿﺮی ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ: ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻋﺼﺎره دارﭼﯿﻦ، ﻣﺮزﻧﺠﻮش و ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻃﻮل ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ژژﻧﻮم و اﯾﻠﺌﻮم، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻻﻧﯿﻦآﻣﯿﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز و ﻻﮐﺘﺎتدﻫﯿﺪروژﻧﺎز و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ و ﻣﻨﯿﺰم ﺧﻮن ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎی ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

the effect of a commercial extract6930 supplementation on performance, relative weight and length of gastrointestinal tract, enzymes and blood minerals in broilers

large scale intensive poultry farming has increased the possibility of disease outbreaks. studies have shown that the use of antibiotics, in addition to environmental threats, causes microbial resistance in the body (yakhkeshi et al 2011). the presence of chemical residues in poultry products and its impact on human health was one of the reasons for the ban on the use of antibiotics in 2006 (garcia et al 2007). much research has been done to find suitable alternatives to antibiotics. essential oils and plant extracts with a variety of biological and physiological compounds have a very high potential for their use as new medicinal compounds (hussain et al 2008). useful properties of medicinal plants are related to the presence of secondary metabolites in them (efterpi et al 2012). in addition to improving bird growth and production, medicinal plants have positive effects on health status parameters (grashorn 2010), intestinal microbial population (bolukbasi et al 2008), serum concentration of antibodies to viral diseases and biochemical and hematological parameters (toghyani et al 2010). among the medicinal plants, cinnamon, marjoram and pepper are aromatic herbaceous plants that are of great importance and have effective healing properties. in some studies, consumption of cinnamon in the diet has caused weight gain, decreased feed conversion ratio and improved liver function in broilers and mice (mehdipour et al 2013; al-kassie 2009). giannenas et al. (2005) reported that consumption of marjoram extract improves the performance of broilers. capsaicin in pepper increases intestinal and bile secretions, increases the activity of pancreatic enzymes, slows the passage of substances in the intestine, and increases the absorption of nutrients (farrell 1978). platel and srinivasan (2003) reported that consumption of capsaicin by 0.15% in the diet increased salivary amylase secretion in mice; it also increased gallic acid salts by 17%. it has been reported that the consumption of several medicinal plants simultaneously has a greater effect on the production, functional and health parameters than the consumption of one medicinal plant alone (mehdikhani 2015). farrokhnia et al. reported in 2020 that the consumption of a mixture of thymus vulgaris and echinacea angustifolia extracts were reduced due to a reduction in conversion ratio of broilers compared to separate consumption. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of consumption of a mixture of cinnamon, marjoram and pepper extracts using a commercial plant extract (extract6930) on performance, weight and relative length of gastrointestinal tract, enzymes activity and blood minerals in broilers. material and methods: this experiment was performed using 192 ross 308 broilers in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 6 replications and 8 broilers per replication in a 42-day brooding period. the experimental treatments were: (1) basal diet, (2) basal diet + 50 mg/kg mixture of plant extracts, (3) basal diet + 100 mg/kg mixture of plant extracts and (4) basal diet + 150 mg/kg mixture of plant extracts. production performance of feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were measured at the end of 42 days of rearing. on the last day of the experiment, 3 chickens from each replicate were selected for blood sampling. samples were transferred to the laboratory to measure alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase; these parameters were measured by an autoanalyzer using commercial kits from pars azmoun company. also, the amount of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron in the blood were measured by autoanalyzer by spectrophotometry (biowave model s2100 made in england) using commercial kits of biochemistry company. the slaughtered birds were used to measure the relative weights of different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, body weight, and the relative lengths of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum. (daneshyar et al 2012). experimental data were statistically analyzed in a completely randomized design by sas statistical software (2003) using glm linear procedure. mean comparisons were performed using tukey-kramer test at 5% level.results and discussion: the results showed that feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected by experimental treatments. however, the treatments receiving 100 and 150 mg/kg of mixed plant extracts had اhigher body weight gain than the control treatment (p<0.05). consumption of all the three levels of plant extracts compared to control resulted in a significant increase in the length of jejunum and ileum of the chickens (p<0.05). on the other hand, duodenum and cecum length were not affected by experimental treatments. the results showed that the levels of liver aspartate enzymes, transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were not affected by experimental treatments. however, consumption of 100 and 150 mg/kg of plant extracts reduced the amount of alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase in comparison with the control treatment (p<0.05). consumption of 150 mg/kg of mixed plant extracts compared with the control treatment increased the amount of calcium and magnesium in the blood of broilers (p<0.05).conclusion: from this study, it is concluded that up to 150 mg/kg mixture of cinnamomum verum, origanum vulgare and capsicum annuum extract in broiler diet had no significant effect on feed intake although it led to improved weight gain and increased relative length of ileum and jejunum in broilers. liver enzymes showed a decreasing trend; the blood calcium and magnesium levels of broiler chickens were significantly increased. therefore, up to 150 level of mixture of cinnamon, marjoram and pepper extract can be recommended to be used in broiler diets.