effects of adding copper nanoparticles in various sources of plant and animal protein on nutrition parameters and gas production using in vitro technique

Abstractiintroduction: recent advances in nanotechnology suggest that nanoscale particles were used in medicine, dietary additives, and engineering arenas. however, their possible toxicity to people, animals, and environmental health is still unclear. the researchs showed that the ruminal fermentation of sheep with different levels of copper oxide nanoscale particles produced acetic acid and volatile fatty acid at the appropriate amount of copper oxide nanoscale particles stimulates rumen fermentation. aim: this investigation was designed to evaluate copper oxide nanoscale particles’ supplementation with plant and animal protein types by biogas production method. material and method: the produced gas from incubated syringes at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h was measured by menke and steinggass (1988) assay. for this purpose three amounts of 0, 30, and 60 ppm of copper oxide nanoparticles was impregnated in three types of plant proteins (soybean meal, canola meal and cottonseed meal) and three types of animal protein (poultry offal meal, fish meal and blood meal) and were applied in a completely randomized plan by three replications and two-run (a total of 6 repetitions). results: the obtained results indicated that after 72 h, the highest of produced gas achieved for soybean meal from plant protein (58.4 ml/200 mg dry matter (dm)) and in animal protein sources was obtained for fish meal (36.7 ml/200 mg dm). the higher digestible organic matter (dom) and short-chain fatty acids (scfa) were related to soybean meal, and the smaller of them was related to a blood meal. also, the higher metabolizable energy (me) of soybean meal for the quantities of zero were 30 and 60 ppm of copper oxide nanoscale particle, 6.48, 5.65, and 6.52 mj/kg dm, and the lower values of this case was found for blood meal 3.07, 3.91, and 4.01 mj/kg dm, respectively. the maximum and minimum amounts of microbial protein (mp) were achieved for soybean meal and blood meal 52.92 and 22.17 g/kg dom, respectively. conclusion: as a whole, copper oxide nanoscale particles could be improved fermentation parameters in some of the protein types.

effects of adding copper nanoparticles in various sources of plant and animal protein on nutrition parameters and gas production using in vitro technique

abstractiintroduction: recent advances in nanotechnology suggest that nanoscale particles were used in medicine, dietary additives, and engineering arenas. however, their possible toxicity to people, animals, and environmental health is still unclear. the researchs showed that the ruminal fermentation of sheep with different levels of copper oxide nanoscale particles produced acetic acid and volatile fatty acid at the appropriate amount of copper oxide nanoscale particles stimulates rumen fermentation. aim: this investigation was designed to evaluate copper oxide nanoscale particles’ supplementation with plant and animal protein types by biogas production method. material and method: the produced gas from incubated syringes at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h was measured by menke and steinggass (1988) assay. for this purpose three amounts of 0, 30, and 60 ppm of copper oxide nanoparticles was impregnated in three types of plant proteins (soybean meal, canola meal and cottonseed meal) and three types of animal protein (poultry offal meal, fish meal and blood meal) and were applied in a completely randomized plan by three replications and two-run (a total of 6 repetitions). results: the obtained results indicated that after 72 h, the highest of produced gas achieved for soybean meal from plant protein (58.4 ml/200 mg dry matter (dm)) and in animal protein sources was obtained for fish meal (36.7 ml/200 mg dm). the higher digestible organic matter (dom) and short-chain fatty acids (scfa) were related to soybean meal, and the smaller of them was related to a blood meal. also, the higher metabolizable energy (me) of soybean meal for the quantities of zero were 30 and 60 ppm of copper oxide nanoscale particle, 6.48, 5.65, and 6.52 mj/kg dm, and the lower values of this case was found for blood meal 3.07, 3.91, and 4.01 mj/kg dm, respectively. the maximum and minimum amounts of microbial protein (mp) were achieved for soybean meal and blood meal 52.92 and 22.17 g/kg dom, respectively. conclusion: as a whole, copper oxide nanoscale particles could be improved fermentation parameters in some of the protein types.