تاثیر کاهش میزان سموم پاتولین و دیازینون موجود در تفاله سیب سیلو شده بر روی برخی فراسنجه های شکمبه ای (ph، پروتوزوآ، نیتروژن آمونیاکی) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار در بزهای شیرده مهابادی

زمینه مطالعاتی: میزان بقایای برخی سموم و آفت‌کش‌ها در برخی خوراک‌های دام و طیور در ایران به نظر بیشتر از حد مجاز و استاندارد جهانی است. هدف: این پژوهش به‌منظور تاثیر کاهش میزان سموم پاتولین و دیازینون موجود در تفاله سیب سیلو شده بر روی برخی فراسنجه های شکمبه ای (ph، پروتوزوآ، نیتروژن آمونیاکی) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار در بزهای شیرده مهابادی مصرف‌کننده جیره‌های حاوی مقادیر بالای تفاله سیب انجام گرفت. روش کار: در این مطالعه از 30 راس بز شیرده نژاد مهابادی بالغ تازه‌زا با میانگین وزن زنده 5 ± 55 کیلوگرم با 5 تیمار آزمایشی و 6 تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل جیره غذایی حاوی تفاله سیب بدون فرآوری (گروه شاهد)، تفاله سیب پرتو تابی شده با ماکروویو(تیمار 2)، تفاله سیب فرآوری شده با دو ترکیب تجاری جاذب و غیرفعال کننده سموم ( به ترتیب به میزان 50 g/d به ازای هر راس و یک kg/t تفاله سیب)(تیمار 3 و 4) و تفاله سیب فرآوری شده با یک ترکیب تجاری اسیدی‌کننده(تیمار 5) بودند. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان سم پاتولین و دیازینون موجود در تیمارهای مختلف مربوط به گروه شاهد (178 kg/µg و 0.936 mg/kg) و کمترین میزان به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای فرآوری شده با توکسین بایندر biotox و mycofixplus (58 kg/µg و 0.279 mg/kg ) بود. همچنین نتایج حاکی از افزایش معنی دار غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار کل، به‌غیراز تیمار 4 نسبت به تیمار شاهد می باشد (0.05˂p). نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طورکلی کاهش سموم پاتولین و دیازینون توسط فرآوری با ترکیبات جاذب و غیرفعال کننده سموم در جیره‌های دارای سطوح بالای تفاله سیب سبب بهبود برخی پارامترها و فراسنجه های شکمبه ای حیوان شده و علاوه بر تضمین سلامتی موجب افزایش کارایی و عملکرد حیوان خواهد شد.

Effect of reducing the amount of Patulin and Diazinon in ensiled apple pomace on some rumen parameters (pH, protozoa, ammonia nitrogen) and concentration of volatile fatty acids in Mahabadi lactation goats

Study field: The amount of residues of some pesticides in some animal and poultry feeds in Iran is considered higher than the international standard. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reducing the amount of patulin and diazinon in ensiled apple pomace on some rumen parameters (pH, protozoa, ammonia nitrogen) and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the mahabadi lactation goats that consuming diets containing high apple pomace (28.88% in dry matter). Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 mature newborn Mahabadi lactation goats with mean live weight of 55 ± 5 kg, with 5 experimental treatments and 6 replications were used in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments consisted of unprocessed apple pomace (control group), microwave apple pomace (treatment 2), processed apple pomace with two commercially active adsorbent and inactive pesticides (50 g / d respectively For every goat head and and one kg / t of apple pomace (3 and 4) and apple pomace processed with an acidifiers commercial compound (treatment 5). Results: The results showed that the highest amount of patulin and diazinon in different treatments were in the control group (178 Kg / μg and 936.0 mg / kg) and the lowest levels were related to treatments treated with BioTox toxin binder and Mycofix Plus (58 Kg / μg and 279/0 mg /kg). Therefore, only the pH of treatment 5 decreased significantly in comparison with control group and decreased to 6.36 in comparison with 6.42 control group. Also, the results showed that ruminal protozoa population was not affected by apple pomace processing in different treatments, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of rumen fluid in test goats showed a significant difference between treatment 2, 5 and 3, in relation to, control and other treatments respectively. The lowest amount for control group (without processing) was 21.42 mg /dl and the highest amount for 3 was 12.22 mg /dl by adding MycofixPlus to the diet (0.05 mg /dl). P). The results also showed a significant increase in the concentration of total volatile fatty acids, except treatment 4 compared to control (P ˂ 0.05). Conclusion: Generally reducing the patholin and diazinon toxicity by processing with adsorbent and inactive compounds of toxins in highlevel diets of apple pomace can improve some of the animal’s rumen parameters, and, in addition to ensuring health, will increase the efficiency and performance of the animal. Key words: Patulin, Diazinon, Apple pomace, Toxic Adsorbent, Mahabadi Lactation Goats Study field: The amount of residues of some pesticides in some animal and poultry feeds in Iran is considered higher than the international standard. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reducing the amount of patulin and diazinon in ensiled apple pomace on some rumen parameters (pH, protozoa, ammonia nitrogen) and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the mahabadi lactation goats that consuming diets containing high apple pomace (28.88% in dry matter). Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 mature newborn Mahabadi lactation goats with mean live weight of 55 ± 5 kg, with 5 experimental treatments and 6 replications were used in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments consisted of unprocessed apple pomace (control group), microwave apple pomace (treatment 2), processed apple pomace with two commercially active adsorbent and inactive pesticides (50 g / d respectively For every goat head and and one kg / t of apple pomace (3 and 4) and apple pomace processed with an acidifiers commercial compound (treatment 5). Results: The results showed that the highest amount of patulin and diazinon in different treatments were in the control group (178 Kg / μg and 936.0 mg / kg) and the lowest levels were related to treatments treated with BioTox toxin binder and Mycofix Plus (58 Kg / μg and 279/0 mg /kg). Therefore, only the pH of treatment 5 decreased significantly in comparison with control group and decreased to 6.36 in comparison with 6.42 control group. Also, the results showed that ruminal protozoa population was not affected by apple pomace processing in different treatments, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of rumen fluid in test goats showed a significant difference between treatment 2, 5 and 3, in relation to, control and other treatments respectively. The lowest amount for control group (without processing) was 21.42 mg /dl and the highest amount for 3 was 12.22 mg /dl by adding MycofixPlus to the diet (0.05 mg /dl). P). The results also showed a significant increase in the concentration of total volatile fatty acids, except treatment 4 compared to control (P ˂ 0.05). Conclusion: Generally reducing the patholin and diazinon toxicity by processing with adsorbent and inactive compounds of toxins in highlevel diets of apple pomace can improve some of the animal’s rumen parameters, and, in addition to ensuring health, will increase the efficiency and performance of the animal. Key words: Patulin, Diazinon, Apple pomace, Toxic Adsorbent, Mahabadi Lactation Goats Study field: The amount of residues of some pesticides in some animal and poultry feeds in Iran is considered higher than the international standard. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reducing the amount of patulin and diazinon in ensiled apple pomace on some rumen parameters (pH, protozoa, ammonia nitrogen) and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the mahabadi lactation goats that consuming diets containing high apple pomace (28.88% in dry matter). Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 mature newborn Mahabadi lactation goats with mean live weight of 55 ± 5 kg, with 5 experimental treatments and 6 replications were used in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments consisted of unprocessed apple pomace (control group), microwave apple pomace (treatment 2), processed apple pomace with two commercially active adsorbent and inactive pesticides (50 g / d respectively For every goat head and and one kg / t of apple pomace (3 and 4) and apple pomace processed with an acidifiers commercial compound (treatment 5). Results: Th