بررسی اثر بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله شده بر عملکرد، فراسنجه های خونی و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی گوساله های شیرخوار هلشتاین

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثرات سدیم بوتیرات پوشش دار در مقایسه با شکل بدون پوشش بر عملکرد رشد، برخی از فراسنجه‌های خونی و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی در گوساله‌های شیرخوار هلشتاین می‌باشد. روش کار: تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1) جیره پایه بدون افزودنی (شاهد) 2) جیره پایه به همراه 5 گرم بوتیرات سدیم 3) جیره پایه به همراه 15 گرم بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله بودند. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که افزودن بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله به جیره آغازین گوساله های شیرخوار اثر معنی داری را بر وزن نهایی بدن در طول دوره پرورشی ایجاد نکرد. همچنین نتوانست اثر معنی داری بر مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل غذایی در ماه اول و دوم و کل دوره پرورشی داشته باشد (p<0/05). افزایش وزن روزانه در ماه اول و کل دوره پرورشی برای گوساله های دریافت کننده 15 گرم بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله در مقایسه با گروه شاهد معنی دار بود (p<0/05). در حالیکه افزایش وزن رزوانه در ماه دوم تحت تاثیر بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله قرار نگرفت. مکمل کردن بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله و یا فرم غیر پوشش دار نتوانست فراسنجه های خونی (گلوکز، کلسترول، تری گلیسرید، آلبومین، پروتئین کل، اوره خون) گوساله های شیرخوار را در زمان های 30 و 65 دوره پرورشی تحت تاثیر قرار دهد (p<0/05). اما غلظت بتاهیدروکسی بوتیرات در گوساله های دریافت کننده بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله افزایش معنی داری در مقایسه با گروه شاهد داشت (p<0/05). نتایج نشان داد استفاده از فرم پوشش دار و یا بدون پوشش مکمل بوتیرات سدیم در جیره آغازین گوساله های شیرخوار اثر معنی داری بر قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، ماده آلی، چربی خام و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی نداشت. اما قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام در جیره های مکمل شده با بوتیرات سدیم میکروکپسوله افزایش معنی داری نسبت به گروه شاهد داشت (p<0/05).

Effects of microencapsulated sodium butyrate on performance, blood metabolites and nutrient digestibility of suckling Holstein calves

Research method: For this experiment, 24 newlyborn Holstein calves (average age 110 days, average weight 39±1 kg) were used in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 8 replications. The experimental treatments were: 1) Starter diet with no additive (control), 2) Starter diet with 5 g of sodium butyrate per day, 3) Starter diet with 15 g of microencapsulated sodium butyrate per day. Starter diet and water were available adlibitum throughout the experiment. Experimental calves were fed with 4 Kg whole milk from birth to d 14 in two meals, 6 Kg milk from d 14 to 60 in two meals and 3 Kg milk from d 60 tile 65 in one meal and weaned at d 65. In order to evaluate performance, calves were weighed every two weeks and daily weight gain was calculated by the subtraction. Starter intake was determined from the difference between the offered feed and the refusal remainder the next day. Blood sampling were taken monthly (two times) from jugular vein in two stage of all calves 4 hours after morning feeding and blood plasma was separated by centrifuging (3500 rpm for 10 min) and kept at 20 ° C til until the analysis test. Nutrient digestibility was measured by using acid insoluble ash as external marker. Findings: The results showed that the addition of microencapsulated sodium butyrate in starter diet of suckling calves had no effect on final body weight, starter intake and feed conversion ratio of calves. Calves fed 15 gr of microencapsulated sodium butyrate had significantly higher daily gain in first month and total experiment period compared to control ones (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementing calves with butyrate supplements, encapsulated or common sodium butyrate, did not influence blood concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, total protein, and blood urea at d 30 or 65 experiment whereas blood betahydroxy butyrate concentration was higher in calves fed microencapsulated form compared to control calves (P <0.05). Feeding butyrate supplements had no effects on digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fat and neutral detergent fiber. Protein digestibility increased significantly by feeding the microencapsulated form of sodium butyrate compared to the control (P <0.05). Gorka et al. (2009) reported that use of butyrate in starter of calves had not significant effect on body weight gain. Different between results can due type and level of butyrate supplementation and combination of ratio. Savary et al. (2010) stated that addition butyrate in the starter of calves had not effect on total protein an albumin concentration compare with control group. Ferreira and Bittar reported that blood betahydroxy butyrate concentration had not affected by addition butyrate supplementation. Deymeh et al. (2014) reported that supplement starter of calves with butyrate causing improve protein digestibility. Conclusion: The results of this study proposed that addition of microencapsulated sodium butyrate, compared to common sodium butyrate, based on its positive effects on performance and nutrient digestibility and blood betahydroxy butyrate concentration can be recommended in rearing suckling calves. Research method: For this experiment, 24 newlyborn Holstein calves (average age 110 days, average weight 39±1 kg) were used in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 8 replications. The experimental treatments were: 1) Starter diet with no additive (control), 2) Starter diet with 5 g of sodium butyrate per day, 3) Starter diet with 15 g of microencapsulated sodium butyrate per day. Starter diet and water were available adlibitum throughout the experiment. Experimental calves were fed with 4 Kg whole milk from birth to d 14 in two meals, 6 Kg milk from d 14 to 60 in two meals and 3 Kg milk from d 60 tile 65 in one meal and weaned at d 65. In order to evaluate performance, calves were weighed every two weeks and daily weight gain was calculated by the subtraction. Starter intake was determined from the difference between the offered feed and the refusal remainder the next day. Blood sampling were taken monthly (two times) from jugular vein in two stage of all calves 4 hours after morning feeding and blood plasma was separated by centrifuging (3500 rpm for 10 min) and kept at 20 ° C til until the analysis test. Nutrient digestibility was measured by using acid insoluble ash as external marker. Findings: The results showed that the addition of microencapsulated sodium butyrate in starter diet of suckling calves had no effect on final body weight, starter intake and feed conversion ratio of calves. Calves fed 15 gr of microencapsulated sodium butyrate had significantly higher daily gain in first month and total experiment period compared to control ones (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementing calves with butyrate supplements, encapsulated or common sodium butyrate, did not influence blood concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, total protein, and blood urea at d 30 or 65 experiment whereas blood betahydroxy butyrate concentration was higher in calves fed microencapsulated form compared to control calves (P <0.05). Feeding butyrate supplements had no effects on digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fat and neutral detergent fiber. Protein digestibility increased significantly by feeding the microencapsulated form of sodium butyrate compared to the control (P <0.05). Gorka et al. (2009) reported that use of butyrate in starter of calves had not significant effect on body weight gain. Different between results can due type and level of butyrate supplementation and combination of ratio. Savary et al. (2010) stated that addition butyrate in the starter of calves had not effect on total protein an albumin concentration compare with control group. Ferreira and Bittar reported that blood betahydroxy butyrate concentration had not affected by addition butyrate supplementation. Deymeh et al. (2014) reported that supplement starter of calves with butyrate causing improve protein digestibility. Conclusion: The results of this study proposed that addition of microencapsulated sodium butyrate, compared to common sodium butyrate, based on its positive effects on performance and nutrient digestibility and blood betahydroxy butyrate concentration can be recommended in rearing suckling calves.