Kinetic constrained optimization of the golf swing hub path

This study details an optimization of the golf swing,where the hand path and club angular trajectories are manipulated. the optimization goal was to maximize club head velocity at impact within the interaction kinetic limitations (force,torque,work,and power) of the golfer as determined through the analysis of a typical swing using a two-dimensional dynamic model. the study was applied to four subjects with diverse swing capabili-ties and styles. it was determined that it is possible for all sub-jects to increase their club head velocity at impact within their respective kinetic limitations through combined modifications to their respective hand path and club angular trajectories. the manner of the modifications,the degree of velocity improve-ment,the amount of kinetic reduction,and the associated kinetic limitation quantities were subject dependent. by artificially minimizing selected kinetic inputs within the optimization algo-rithm,it was possible to identify swing trajectory characteristics that indicated relative kinetic weaknesses of a subject. practical implications are offered based upon the findings of the study. © journal of sports science and medicine.