freeze-dried dentin derivative signal as a factor for differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells: an in vitro study

Tissue engineering is an emerging field in dentistry, and stem cell research has shown promise in regenerating new tissue. the three essential components for tissue engineering are stem cells, scaffolds, and growth/differentiation factors. numerous studies have been conducted in regenerative medicine, and more recently in regenerative dentistry, utilizing different signals. in a pioneering study, dentin derivative signal (dds), which was self-administered, was used as a differentiation factor for dental pulp stem cells to promote dentinogenesis in vitro. the study demonstrated that dds can stimulate dental pulp stem cells to differentiate into other dental tissues, such as dentin.