concurrent trypanosomosis, babesiosis and toxocarosis in a dog: a case report

Background: among the blood-borne parasitic infections of dogs, trypanosomosis and babesiosis are highly prevalent in the indian subcontinent and highly pathogenic.methods: a six-month-old dog was presented with complaint of lethargy, anorexia and loss of body weight over the previous 15 days on october 11, 2021. a full clinical and targeted haematologic and parasitological examination was undertaken.results: wet smears were positive for the motile trypanosomes while stained thin blood smears showed large number of extracellular trypanosomes and intra-erythrocytic ring-like inclusion bodies of babesia spp. a high burden of toxocara canis was identified on coprological examination.conclusion: this report describes the clinical manifestation of concurrent infection of haemoparasites and gastrointestinal nematodes in pakistani dogs, and highlights the importance of prompt veterinary intervention.