Furfural production from pisthachio green hulls as agricultural residues

The main natural source of pentosans is lignocellulose that exists in biomass. pentosans arc hydrolyzed to pentoses in dilute mineral acid hydrolysis. product of pentoses dehydrolysis is furfural. it can also be produced from different fruit shells as agricultural residues. the pistachio green hulls (pgh) from pistachio vera as agricultural residues are abundant and low-cost lignocellollosic material and they have good potential for furfural production. in this study, the factors affecting on acid-hydrolysis of pgh such as reaction temperature (from 425 to 545 k), sulfuric acid concentration (from 0.5 to 4.0 mol/i) and reaction times (from 30 to 600 s) have been investigated. the reaction yields have been obtained on the basis of lignocellulose, pentoses and furfural.