نقد و بررسی تصحیح حدیقهالحقیقه به‌اهتمام محمدجعفر یاحقی و سیّد مهدی زرقانی

جایگاه والای حدیقه الحقیقه در ادب فارسی موجب شده‌ است تا پژوهش‌های فراوانی درباره آن انجام گیرد؛ با وجودِ این، مسائلی مانندِ پیچیدگی‌های زبانی، کاربرد اصطلاحات سایرِ دانش‌ها، کهنگی زبان، اشارات تاریخی و مذهبی و ساختار نامنظمِ منظومه موجب شده‌ است گرهِ پاره‌ای از ابهاماتِ این اثر ناگشوده باقی بماند. در این میان نباید از نبودِ یک تصحیحِ مطلوب از حدیقه غافل بود؛ تصحیحی که می‌تواند با در نظر گرفتنِ تمام ساحت‌های این کتاب و هندسه ذهنی سنایی، نزدیک‌ترین متن به متنِ زمان او را در اختیارِ جامعه ادبی قرار دهد. این مسئله‌ای ‌است که توجه پژوهشگران معاصر زبان فارسی را به خود جلب کرده‌ است و از همین روست که در سده اخیر، پژوهش‌های چشمگیری در حوزه تصحیح یا شرح مشکلاتِ این منظومه انجام گرفته ‌است. در این پژوهش که به شیوه توصیفی‌تحلیلی و با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه‌ای انجام می‌گیرد، جدیدترین تصحیحِ حدیقه بررسی و کاستی‌های آن برجسته خواهد شد. بایستگیِ پرداختن به سنایی و آثار او در ادب فارسی و همچنین اهمیت نقد و بررسیِ تصحیح‌های انجام‌گرفته از ضرورت‌های این پژوهش است. به نظر می‌رسد در تصحیحِ یاحقی و زرقانی، اتّخاذِ شیوه تصحیح به‌صورت نسخه اساس و همچنین انتخاب نسخه منچستر به‌عنوان نسخه اساس، موجبِ راه‌یافتنِ کاستی‌هایی در متن مصحَّح شده‌ است که در این پژوهش، در چهار قالب کلی به آنها پرداخته خواهد شد. افزون‌بر این، مفهوم برخی از واژگان، عبارات، تعابیر و ابیات حدیقه الحقیقه نیز مشخص خواهد شد.

Sana’i Ghaznavi, Correction of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa, Critique of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa, Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi, Sayyed Mehdi Zarqhani.

Abstract The high position of Hadiqah alHaqiqa in Persian literature has led to a lot of research on it; nevertheless, issues such as linguistic complexities, the use of other scientific terms, the obsolescence of the language, historical and religious references, and the irregular structure of the poem have left some of the ambiguities of this work unresolved. In the meantime, one should not be ignorant of a proper correction of Hadiqat alHaqiqa; a correction that can take into account all aspects of this book and Sanai’s mental geometry, to provide the literary community with a text closest to the author’s. This issue has attracted the attention of contemporary Persian language scholars, hence remarkable studies in the field of correcting or describing the problems of this book have been done in the last century. In this study, the newest correction of Hadiqat alHaqiqa will be investigated, and its weaknesses will be highlighted using the descriptiveanalytical method and library resources. The necessity of the study is the need for both studying Sanai and his works in Persian literature and reviewing their corrections. It seems that in Yahaghi and Zarghani’s correction, using the method of correction in the form of the base manuscript as well as selecting the Manchester manuscript as the base version has resulted in some deficiencies in the corrected text, which will be addressed in this study in four general formats. Also, the concept of certain words, phrases, expressions, and couplets of Hadiqat alHaqiqa will be clarified. Introduction It is the pleasure of literary lovers to make any correction of Persian literary texts. It will be more gratifying if the correction is made by two wellknown figures in the field. Correction of Sanai’s Hadiqah alHaqiqah, which is published by Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi and Seyed Mehdi Zarghani in 2018 (1397 AH), is one of the studies that was done according to the needs assessment of the literary society. But, in the end, when it was published, it became clear that unfortunately there were many deficiencies in the research method, as well as its comments and explanations in a way that it is sometimes perceived that what is written in the text of the book is far from the academic position of the two researchers. Although it has been difficult to write this book, admittedly, some verses in Hadiqat alHaqiqa need further explanation. There are also discrepancies between the text and the comments, or there are shortcomings in reporting and recording verses. All of these have been discussed in this article. Material Methods In this research, which has been done with the descriptiveanalytical method and using library resources, the first correction of Hadiqat alHaqiqa entitled Latiyef alHadaieq (Abdul Latif Abbasi between the years 1037 to 1044 AH, the correction of Modarres Razavi (1320 AH), the correction of Maryam Hosseini (1382 AH) entitled Fakhri Nameh, and other related works such as Talighate Hadiqah from Modarres Razavi (1341 AH), Sharhe Moshkelate Hadiqahe Sanaei from Ishaq Toghyani (1382 AH), and Sharhe Doshvarihaei Az Hadiqahe Sanaei by Zahra Dori (1383 AH) have been used.   Discussion of Results Conclusions  One of the biggest reasons why there are many deficiencies is the correction of Yahaghi and Zarghani is choosing the Manchester manuscript (dated 681) as the base version, and abandoning the old manuscripts such as 552 and 558. It should be noted that the Manchester manuscript does not have the original characteristics of a basic manuscript. Perhaps the proofreaders’ argument for omitting these manuscripts is that they do not include all of Hadiqat alHaqiqa poems. But, even with this argument, the antiquity, validity, and originality of these manuscripts cannot be ignored. Another reason is the text correction method that is chosen by the correctors. Considering the manuscripts used in this correction, it seems that the correction by using the ‘intermediate’ method could be the best method that the two researchers could use. Additionally, the corrected text should have been compared with one of the previous corrections. These factors have led to fundamental shortcomings in correcting and reducing its scientific value.