Nephrotic Syndrome Following H1N1 Influenza in a 3-Year-Old Boy

Background: the pandemic influenza a/h1n1, spread through the world in 2009, producing a serious epidemic in italy. complications are generally limited to patients at the extremes of age (<6 months or >65 years) and those with comorbid medical illness. the most frequent complications of influenza involve the respiratory system.case presentation: a 3-year-old boy with a recent history of upper respiratory tract infection developed a nephrotic syndrome. together with prednisone, furosemide and albumin bolus, a therapy with oseltamivir was started since the nasopharyngeal swab resulted positive for influenza a/h1n1. clinical conditions and laboratory findings progressively improved during hospitalization, becoming normal during a 2 month follow up.conclusion: the possibility of a renal involvement after influenza a/h1n1 infection should be considered