Challenges and Pitfalls in the Management of Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis in Ophthalmology: A Highlighted Problem in the COVID-19 Era

Secondary infections in hospitalized and ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) are common. one of these life-threatening infectious diseases is rhino-orbital mucormycosis, which made an outbreak recently. this outbreak was mainly caused by the administration of high-dose corticosteroids in patients with covid-19, especially those with diabetes mellitus. the increased incidence of rhino-orbital mucormycosis in the covid-19 era presents different challenges for healthcare providers including ophthalmologists who are directly involved in disease management. we summarized the main challenges and recommendations for ophthalmologists on the management of rhino-orbital mucormycosis.