تبیین تغییر در خط‌مشی‌های فضای مجازی جمهوری اسلامی ایران مبتنی بر چارچوب ائتلاف مدافع (مورد مطالعه: خط‌مشی تعیین پهنای باند اینترنت ثابت)

هدف: در این پژوهش به‌کمک چارچوب ائتلاف مدافع، فرایند تغییر خط‌مشی در خرده‌سیستم پهنای باند اینترنت ثابت و نقش ائتلاف‌های مختلف در این تغییر بیان شده است. سیاست‌های پهنای باند، به‌عنوان یکی از سیاست‌های مهم در عرصه فنی زیرساختی فضای مجازی، از دهه 1380 تا کنون، دچار تحول جدی شده است که چگونگی ایجاد آن، برای تصمیم‌گیران و کارشناسان این حوزه بسیار درس‌آموز است و فهم مسائل امروز سیاست‌گذاران را نیز تسهیل می‌کند. هدف از اجرای این پژوهش، فهم چگونگی تغییر سیاست رسمی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، در حوزه پهنای باند اینترنت ثابت از توسعه محدود به توسعه آزاد است. روش: پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از راهبرد مطالعه موردی و استفاده از روش مطالعه اسنادی اجرا شده است. بدین منظور، 15 سند مهم در این حوزه بررسی شد و با استفاده از منطق روش‌های کیفی، 8 روند کلان و خرده‌روند استخراج گردید. به‌منظور تایید نتایج، از سازوکار گروه کانونی استفاده شده است. یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که در رقابت دو ائتلاف توسعه محدود و توسعه آزاد پهنای باند، عوامل بسیار مهم در تغییر سیاست‌ها عبارت‌اند از: تغییر نظام حکمرانی کشور و توسعه روزافزون فناوری‌ها و به‌تبع آن، فشار اجتماعی برای شکل‌گیری این توسعه. نتیجه‌گیری: یادگیری این فرایند طی‌شده در دو دهه و در نظر گرفتن شرایط امروز ایران و جهان، تغییر در بعضی باورهای ثانویه و شکل‌گیری ائتلاف سومی است که توسعه‌ای با محوریت حکمرانی فناورانه را دنبال می‌کند.

explaining the change in iran’s cyberspace policies based on the advocacy coalition framework (case study: fixed internet bandwidth policy determination)

objective the purpose of this study is to understand how the official policy of the islamic republic of iran in the field of fixed internet bandwidth has changed from limited to free development. along with this goal, creating a policy insight in cyberspace policy field, learning lessons for policy makers and decision makers from this policy process and creating recognition about existing coalitions in the field of cyberspace is also pursued. policy process theories seek to explain how policies are formed and changed. this study seeks to explain the process of policy change in the fixed internet bandwidth subsystem by applying the advocacy coalition framework (acf) and the role of different coalitions in this change. broadband policies, as one of the most important policies in the field of technicalinfrastructure of cyberspace, have undergone a serious change since two decades ago. to this end, the following questions must be answered: 1.what coalitions have been formed by the actors for changing fixed internet bandwith policy subsystem? 2. what beliefs have existed among the actors of this policy subsystem? 3. what conditions and events have been effective in changing the iran’s fixed internet bandwith policy? methodsthis study was conducted using a case study strategy and focusing on existing documents on bandwidth policies in the islamic republic of iran. documentary study method was used to review the documents and focus group mechanism was used to validate the findings. for this purpose, 15 important documents in this field have been analyzed and 8 macro and subtrends have been extracted using the logic of qualitative methods.resultsthe findings indicate that in the competition between the two coalitions of limited development and free development bandwidth, the most important factors in changing policies are: changing the country’s governance system and the increasing development of technologies and, consequently, social pressure to shape this development. according to the history, review of documents, decisions, and obvious positions of different actors, we can generally identify two competing coalitions in the field of internet bandwidth in the islamic republic of iran: 1. limited development coalition, which accept network and bandwidth development only in the form of a national information network and considers development to be dependent on the production of appropriate and local content. in fact, the policy that they pursue is limited bandwidth development and is quoted in the rules and regulations. 2. the free bandwidth development coalition which considers bandwidth in general and without any serious distinction between being domestic or international, and according to its ideological foundations, unlike the previous coalition, it does not show any resistance against being influenced by foreign culture and the blurring of national borders in cyberspace. they consider this development to be an unconditional right of the citizens.conclusionlearning from this process that took place in two decades and considering the current situation in iran and the world is: 1the change in some secondary beliefs and 2the formation of a third coalition that pursues technologyoriented governance. given the importance of platforms in today’s world, the axis and index of development or nondevelopment of bandwidth in the country should be focus on platforms and maintaining the power of governance to regulate and rule through them, not the restriction or lack of growth in quality and access.