اثربخشی آموزش تمایز یافتگی، همدلی مادران و رابطه والد-کودک بر اختلال اضطراب جدایی

زمینه و هدف: اضطراب جدایی به عنوان یکی از اساسی‌ترین ترس‌ها در انسان شناخته شده است، بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی آموزش تمایزیافتگی، همدلی مادران و رابطه والد-کودک بر اختلال اضطراب جدایی انجام شده است. روش کار: در این تحیق شبه ‌آزمایشی، جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی مادران دارای کودکان دختر دارای نشانگان اختلال اضطراب جدایی بود که کودک/ کودکان آن‌ها در یکی از مراکز پیش دبستانی شهرستان کرمانشاه مشغول به تحصیل بودند که برابر با 380 نفر بود که 60 نفر از آنان به طور داوطلبانه در تحقیق شرکت کردند و در دو گروه 30 نفری آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند. تمایزیافتگی، همدلی مادران و رابطه والد-کودک بر روی گروه آزمایش در 8 جلسه و هفته ای دو جلسه و هر جلسه 80 دقیقه اجرا گردید داده‌های پژوهش از طریق پرسشنامه استاندارد اختلال اضطراب جدایی هان، هاجلینیان، ایسن، وندر و پینکاس (2003) جمع‌آوری گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش اماری تی وابسته استفاده گردید. یافته ها: یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد، بسته آموزشی طراحی شده بر اساس تمایزیافتگی، همدلی مادران و رابطه والد-کودک بر اختلال اضطراب جدایی تاثیر معنی‌داری دارد (001/0 = p). نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده می‌توان گفت که آموزش اثربخشی آموزش تمایزیافتگی، همدلی مادران و رابطه والد-کودک می‌تواند زمینه کاهش اختلال اضطراب جدایی را فراهم آورد.

the effectiveness of educational differentiation, mothers empathy and child- parent relationship on separation anxiety disorder

background & aims: separation anxiety is known as one of the most fundamental and fundamental fears in human beings that separation anxiety does not disappear with growth and maturity; rather, it is less visible in adulthood than other psychological problems and often appears alongside other pathologies or some of them. separation anxiety is predictable in children entering school for the first time, but the diagnosis of this disorder is made when excessive anxiety is disproportionate to the level of development and when separating from the attached person. separation anxiety disorder is a mental disorder in which a person becomes very anxious due to being away from home or from people with whom they have a lot of emotional attachment. this disorder can cause severe disorders in various aspects of life (such as academic or social performance). other research has also shown that fostering a healthy parent-child relationship can promote a child's psychological development and prevent psychological damage during his or her lifetime. the type of parental relationship and their interaction with children can have a significant impact on how anxiety disorders develop in children. in most theories of child and adolescent development, the importance of mothers' behavior has been considered. among mental disorders, anxiety and depression were the most studied disorders in the area of mother-child relationships. therefore, parental management training is a type of psychological intervention for clinical problems in the field of child and adolescent psychotherapy with the aim of training parental management in reducing the problems of children and adolescents. this program has caused cognitive-emotional change of parents and mutual change of child behavior and has led to increasing parents' awareness of how to deal with children, the skill of controlling emotions against children's behavior and setting appropriate rules and regulations at home. the purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of training differentiation, mother's empathy and child- parent relationship on separation anxiety disorder students. methods: the research method was applied research and was a kind of pre-posttest quasi-experimental design with control group. the statistical population of the study consisted of the mothers with daughters with separation anxiety disorder syndrome whose child / children in one of the preschool centers in kermanshah. 60 of them were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 experimental and control groups. differentiation, empathy, child- parent relationship was conducted on the experimental group in 8 sessions of 80 minutes. the research data were collected through separation anxiety disorder hahn, hajinlian, eisen, winder & pincus (2003) questionnaire. then the hypotheses were tested using spss software. results: according to according to the obtained results, it can be said that the training differentiation, mother's empathy and child- parent relationship can provide the basis for reducing separation anxiety disorder students. conclusion: separation anxiety is known as one of the most fundamental and fundamental fears in human beings that separation anxiety does not disappear with growth and maturity; rather, it is less visible in adulthood than other psychological problems and often appears alongside or part of other pathologies. separation anxiety is predictable in children entering school for the first time, but the diagnosis of this disorder is made when excessive and disproportionate anxiety occurs when separating from the attached person. separation anxiety disorder is a mental disorder in which a person becomes very anxious due to being away from home or from people with whom they have a lot of emotional attachment. this disorder can cause severe disorders in various aspects of life (such as academic or social performance). the fourth revised text, diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (dsm-iv-tr) classifies separation anxiety as a disorder that is first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. disproportionate anxiety disorder in the dsm-5 is divided into two types: the first type, separation anxiety disorder, starting in the dsm-5, has been reported as disproportionate in dealing with being away from home or being separated from those on whom the child is dependent. adult (asad) and another type starting in childhood (csad), researchers have confirmed the importance of parental factors in trying to identify the factors affecting child separation anxiety (khorshidvand, rahimian booger and talepsan 2015 and pirzadi 2018). in this regard, ingelberg and ssuberg (2005) showed that positive parental behavior reduces child anxiety. arab, al-kashki, and hadwin (2015) showed that childhood separation anxiety disorder is a definite factor in predicting adhd in adulthood. and the findings of kern, renault, kendall, wood, and stork (2017) suggest that when a parent fails to recognize and respond appropriately to a child's emotions, the child, because of his or her role modeling, is able to recognize and manage his or her emotions. loses and easily becomes anxious.