اثر دوازده هفته تمرینات تناوبی هوازی بر عوارض کبدی و ریسک فاکتورهای قلبی-عروقی در مردان مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2

زمینه و هدف: ارتباط پیچیده و چند علتی که تاحدودی ناشناخته می‌باشد بین عوارض کبدی و عوارض قلبی عروقی ناشی از دیابت نوع 2 وجود دارد. هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر تعیین اثر تمرینات تناوبی هوازی بر عوارض کبدی و ریسک فاکتورهای قلبی عروقی در مردان مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 بود. روش کار: در تحقیق نیمه تجربی حاضر 20 مرد مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. تمرینات ورزشی به مدت دوازده هفته، سه جلسه تمرین در هفته و هر جلسه تمرین به مدت9060 دقیقه تمرین تناوبی هوازی تناوبی اجرا شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل آماری از آزمون های تی وابسته و تی مستقل استفاده شد (0.05 ≥p). یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که پس از مداخله تمرین، کاهش معنی‌داری در hba1c (p>0.001)، تری گلیسرید (0.038 = p)، لیپوپروتئین کم چگال (0.008 =p)، آلانین آمینوترانسفراز (0.001 >p)، آسپارتات آمینوتراسنفراز (0.001 >p)، فشار خون سیستول (0.06 =p) و درصد چربی بدن (0.003 = p) و افزایش معنی‌داری در لیپوپروتئین پر چگال (0.002 =p) و حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی (0.001 > p) نسبت به گروه کنترل مشاهده شد ولی تغییرات کلسترول تام (0.159 = p)، فشار خون دیاستول (0.211 =p) و وزن بدن (0.061 =p) بین دو گروه تمرین و کنترل معنی‌دار نبود. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج تحقیق حاضر می‌توان گفت که دوازده هفته تمرینات تناوبی هوازی با بهبود ترکیب بدنی، بهبود اختلالات لیپیدی، کبدی و کنترل گلیسمی و همچنین بهبود عملکرد عروقی و قلبی تنفسی نقش مثبتی در افزایش سلامت بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 دارد. 

the effect of twelve weeks of aerobic interval training on liver complications and cardiovascular risk factors in men with type 2 diabetes

background & aims: one of the main complications of type 2 diabetes is cardiovascular complications, which greatly increases mortality and reduces the quality of life of these patients. complications of type 2 diabetes, which are known as cardiovascular risk factors, include dyslipidemia (1, 3) and high blood pressure, which are common diseases in type 2 diabetes (1, 4). another complication of type 2 diabetes is liver complications (5). which is associated with cardiovascular risk factors (5, 8) in type 2 diabetes. despite extensive research to identify the pathological causes of type 2 diabetes, no definitive treatment for type 2 diabetes has been found so far, and the annual death rate from type 2 diabetes and liver disorders due to diabetes due to cardiovascular events is increasing (5). indicating the need for further research to reduce cardiovascular risk factors in these patients. exercise is one of the main pillars in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (13), but these patients may be limited in performing continuous aerobic exercise due to overweight and low level of physical fitness (14); for this reason, interval training is recommended for these patients because resting between exercise intervals reduces the cardiac stress caused, leading to metabolic recovery and rebuilding energy systems, allowing for more exercise in one session (18); therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interval aerobic training on cardiovascular risk factors including cardiovascular and hepatic complications in men with type 2 diabetes.methods: in the present quasiexperimental study, 20 men with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from volunteer patients aged 35 to 50 years, sedentary lifestyle (no physical activity in the last six months), no insulin injection, no acute cardiovascular disease, no respiratory disease, and no musculoskeletal disease. then, they were randomly divided into two groups of aerobic interval training and control. exercise training intervention in the present study included 12 weeks of aerobic interval training, three sessions per week and each exercise session included 1)1015 minutes of warmup, 2) the main exercise program (1040 minutes aerobic interval training with 5 minute intervals and a resttoactivity ratio of 1: 1), 3) and 10 minutes of coolingdown. 24 hours before the intervention and 48 hours after the last training session, the research variables were measured in fasting. paired sample ttest and independent ttests were used to examine changes within and between groups. all statistical analysis operations were performed at the significant level of p 05 0.05 by spss software version 22.results: the results showed that after the training period there was founded a significant decrease in the levels of hba1c (p <0.001), triglyceride (p = 0.038), lowdensity lipoprotein (p = 0.008), alanine aminotransferase (p <0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (p <0.001), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.06) and body fat percentage (p = 0.003) and significant increase in highdensity lipoprotein (p = 0.002) and maximum oxygen consumption (p <0.001) was observed compared to the control group, but there was no a significant difference in changes in total cholesterol (p = 0.159), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.211) and body weight (0.061). = p) between training and control groups.conclusion: regarding the chronic effect of regular exercise on glycemic control in diabetic patients, it can be said that aerobic interval exercise has increased glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes by increasing cell sensitivity with insulindependent molecular pathways and insulinindependent pathways (19). also, after the training period, was observed a significant decrease in body fat percentage.