biochemical evaluation of quercetin effects on clothianidin (ctd)-induced renal toxicity in rats

Clothianidin (ctd), a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, has raised environmental and health concerns due to its potential toxicity. quercetin, a flavonoid abundant in various dietary sources, exhibits potent antioxidant properties and effectively scavenges reactive oxygen species (ros). the present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of quercetin against clothianidin-induced renal toxicity in a rat model. thirty-five male wistar rats were divided into six groups as follows: control (ns), control (dmso), ctd (20 mg/kg/ip) every 3 days, ctd + quercetin (2.5mg/kg/ip), ctd + quercetin (5mg/kg/ip), ctd + quercetin (10 mg/kg/ip) for 21 days. serum levels of urea, creatinine and total protein were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer using commercial kits. malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity were measured in homogeneous kidney samples of animals using commercial kits. there was a statistically significant change in kidney tissue tac values in different groups (p> 0.05). the tac values of kidney tissue in the clothianidin + quercetin group (10 mg/kg) indicated that quercetin treatment significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity of kidney tissue compared to the ctd group (p < 0.05). the levels of tac in the treatment groups showed an upward trend. clothianidin caused a significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde in kidney tissue in the ctd group in comparison with the control groups (p <0.05). in contrast, administration of quercetin (10 mg/kg) caused a significant decrease in the level of mda in kidney tissue of rats compared to the group receiving the ctd (p <0.05). a significant increase in urea and creatinine were observed in the ctd group compared to the control groups and a significant decrease was observed in the ctd+quercetin (10 mg/kg/daily) group in comparison with the clothianidin group (p <0.05). also, there was no significant change in serum total protein between treatment groups (p <0.05). these results indicated that quercetin at 10 mg/kg can partly prevent the renal injury induced by clothianidin.