potential use of cbd's antioksidan and anti-inflammatory effects in veterinary medicine

Cannabidiol (cbd), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties through a complex network of molecular interactions. this article reviews the mechanisms underlying these effects, with a focus on cbd s interaction with various receptors and molecular targets. beyond its indirect modulation of the endocannabinoid system (cb1 and cb2 receptors), cbd directly interacts with transient receptor potential (trp) channels (trpv1, trpa1, trpm8), 5-ht1a serotonin receptors, g protein-coupled receptor 55 (gpr55), and adenosine transporters. these pleiotropic actions contribute to its broad therapeutic potential in managing inflammation, oxidative stress, pain, and neurodegenerative conditions. by elucidating these diverse receptor interactions, this review highlights cbd s multifaceted pharmacological profile and its promise as a therapeutic agent, underscoring the need for further clinical research to establish its applications fully.