acceleration of skin wound healing using nano-chitosan dressings incorporated with nano-liposomes containing henna extract in rats with diabetes mellitus

Diabetes is a systemic disease that causes neuropathy and arterial damage, impacting many tissues and organs. diabetic foot ulcers affect approximately 15% of individuals with diabetes. given the delayed wound healing process in patients with diabetes mellitus, major attention has recently been focused on the use of novel dressings based on medicinal plants. in this regard, the application of nanochitosan combined with nanoliposomes containing medicinal herbs has gained particular prominence. this study investigates the reparative effects of henna plant extract, encapsulated within nanoliposomes and incorporated into a nanochitosan coating, on skin wounds induced in diabetic rats. in this study, a total of 30 rats were selected and divided into two main groups: control and diabetes mellitus groups (each n=15). each main group was subsequently subdivided into three subgroups: no dressing, nanochitosan dressing, nanochitosan dressing containing nanoliposomes loaded with henna extract. diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats of the experimental group via an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 55 mg/kg of body weight. subsequently, a full-thickness circular skin wound with an area of 1 cm² was created on the dorsal region of each rat. based on the predefined groupings, the respective dressings were applied. the wound healing and contraction process was measured and evaluated daily. the total study duration was 35 days. the results of this study demonstrated that the wound healing process was significantly delayed in rats with diabetes mellitus compared to the control group rats. the application of the nanochitosan dressing containing nanoliposomes loaded with henna extract accelerated this reparative process and significantly enhanced the rate of wound contraction. these findings indicate that henna extract could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.