antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of xanthohumol in an in-vitro model of parkinson's disease

Humulus lupulus l. (hop), belonging to the cannabaceae family, is a perennial herbaceous climbing plant. the extract of h. lupulus and its active compound, xanthohumol (xan), are known to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. xanthohumol (xan) has been demonstrated in recent in vivo studies to increase dopamine levels, reduce oxidative stress and neuroinflammation associated with parkinson’s disease, and support neuronal health by providing protective effects against neuronal excitotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that develops over time and manifests with both motor-related and non-motor symptoms. although parkinson-like conditions are rare in pets, the role of dopaminergic neuron loss and oxidative stress shows a mechanism similar to that in humans. in light of this information from the literature, our study aimed to determine the effects of xan on an in vitro parkinson’s model induced by 6-ohda.to establish a parkinson s disease (pd) model in cell culture, sh-sy5y cells were exposed to 200 µm 6-ohda for 15 minutes. after 6-ohda application, sh-sy5y cells were treated with xan (50 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml, and 200 µg/ml). after 24 hours, cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (mtt) assays. oxidative stress was assessed by total antioxidant capacity (tac) and total oxidant status (tos) assays, and ppar-γ levels were investigated. the findings were statistically evaluated. 6-ohda was found to increase cellular apoptosis by 50% in sh-sy5y cells compared to the control group. tac and tos analyses showed that this was directly proportional to total oxidative stress. xan prevented 6-ohda-induced apoptosis and increased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. the observed increase in ppar-γ levels also supported these findings. these results suggest that specific doses of xan may have neuroprotective effects with potential relevance for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. in particular, further studies are recommended to investigate the therapeutic effects of xan in animal models of parkinson’s-like neurodegenerative processes.the results demonstrate the therapeutic effect of xan against the in vitro parkinson s disease model induced by 6-ohda. to further clarify the underlying mechanisms, additional studies using in vivo parkinson’s models are warranted.