a genetic optimization approach to brachytherapy dose rate planning with fuzzy constraints

This study addresses the complexity of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (hdr-bt) planning by proposing a fuzzy-constrained integer programming (fip) model. the model integrates fuzzy set theory with clinical dosimetric indices to handle uncertainty and enhance flexibility in treatment design. to solve the optimization problem, three evolutionary algorithms—genetic algorithm (ga), evolutionary programming (ep), and genetic programming (gp)—were applied to prostate cancer cases. results show that the fip framework produces clinically acceptable and patient-specific treatment plans. ga proved the fastest in achieving acceptable dose coverage, while gp delivered the most effective tumor overage overall.