application of internet of things (iot) technology in the hygienic monitoring and control of food waste

Food waste management has become an urgent environmental and public health issue, particularly in urban areas where rapid industrial and population growth increase waste generation. this paper explores how internet of things (iot) technology can be applied to improve the hygienic monitoring and control of food waste. a conceptual and analytical approach was adopted, combining a systematic review of recent studies (2020–2025) with comparative analysis of existing iot-based waste systems. the research identifies key environmental and sanitary parameters—such as temperature, humidity, and gas emissions—that can be continuously measured through iot sensors to detect contamination risks early. an integrated conceptual model was developed, linking iot data acquisition with hygienic control principles from the hazard analysis and critical control points (haccp) framework. the findings suggest that iot implementation can significantly enhance hygiene safety, reduce operational costs, and support sustainable waste management practices through real-time monitoring and data-driven decision-making. the proposed framework offers practical guidance for applying smart technologies in food industries, university campuses, and urban waste systems, contributing to the goals of green cities and universities