eco-responsive skein-like bi4v2o11 nano photocatalyst engineered via a sono-solvothermal strategy for sustainable solar-driven degradation of eosin y

In this study, a visible-light-active skein-like bi4v2o11 nanophotocatalyst was successfully synthesized via a sono-solvothermal method for the solar-driven degradation of eosin y dye in simulated wastewater. the structural and morphological characteristics of the photocatalyst were examined using x-ray diffraction (xrd) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem), confirming the formation of a pure crystalline phase with a distinct skein-like morphology. under simulated solar irradiation, the bi4v2o11 nanophotocatalyst exhibited an excellent photodegradation efficiency of 81.8% for a 10 mg. l-1 eosin y solution within 210 minutes. the outstanding photocatalytic activity can be attributed to its optimal bandgap energy, enhanced solar-light absorption, and efficient charge separation facilitated by the presence of bi species. these findings demonstrate the potential of bi4v2o11 as an eco-responsive nanophotocatalyst for sustainable wastewater purification applications.