جداسازی و شناسایی برخی پاتوژن‌های تنفسی باکتریایی در بزغاله‌های تلف شده در ایران

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯽ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎری ﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اُﻓﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. اﺟﺮام ﻋﻔﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﻨﻨﺪة اﯾﻦ ﻋﺎرﺿﻪ اﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی ﺟﺪ ا ﺷﺪه از ﻣﻮارد ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯽ، اﺷﺮﯾﺸﯿﺎ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزی و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﭘﺎﺗﻮژن ﻫﺎی ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﺑﺰﻏﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺗﻠﻒ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﻃﻮل ﻓﺼﻞ زﻣﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﻬﺎر )ﻓﺼﻞ زاﯾﺶ(، از ﻫﺮ ﺑﺰﻏﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻫﻢ زﻣﺎن دو ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻮاب ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و و ﯾﺮوس ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﮋاد ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ )آﻟﭙﺎﯾﻦ و ﺳﺎﻧﻦ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. روش ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی ﮐﺸﺖ و روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ و ﯾﺮوﺳﯽ rt-pcr ﺑﻮد . ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی ﻫﺎی ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ روش ﮐﺸﺖ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﯿﻮع اﺷﺮﯾﺸﯿﺎ ﮐﻮﻻی 51/21 درﺻﺪ، اﺳﺘﺎﻓﯿﻠﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮس اﭘﯿﺪرﻣﯿﺪﯾﺲ 15/58 درﺻﺪ، ﮐﻠﺒﺴﯿﻼ ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯿﻪ 12/19 درﺻﺪ، اﮐﺘﯿﻨﻮﻣﺎﯾﺴﺲ ﭘﯿﻮژﻧﺰ 7 /31 درﺻﺪ، ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮرﻻ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻮﺳﯿﺪا6/09 درﺻﺪ، اﺳﺘﺎﻓﯿﻠﻮﮐﻮﮐﻮس اورﺋﻮس4/87 درﺻﺪ و ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس آﺋﺮوژﯾﻨﻮزا 2/43 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﯿﻮع و ﯾﺮوس ﻫﺎی ﭘﺎرآﻧﻔﻠﻮاﻧﺰ ای ﺗﯿﭗ 3 و ﺳﻨﺴﯿﺸﯿﺎل ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 43درﺻﺪ و 28 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد . ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی و وﺟﻮد آن ﺑﻪ و ﯾﮋه در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮی ﻫﻢ در اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﭼﻨﺪان زﯾﺎدی در اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ در ﻣﻮارد ﮐﺸﺖ ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪﻧﺪ، وﻟﯽ اﺟﺮام اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯽ ﻣ ﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮرﻻ ﻫﻤﻮﻟﯿﺘﯿﮑﺎ از ﻫﯿﭻ ﻣﻮردی ﺟﺪا ﻧﺸﺪ در 5ﻣﻮرد ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮرﻻ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻮﺳﯿﺪا ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮی ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در اﯾﺠﺎد ﺳﭙﺘﯽ ﺳﻤﯽ در ﺑﺮه، ﺑﺰﻏﺎﻟﻪ و ﮔﻮﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ دارد. اﻣﺮوزه ﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ و ﯾﺮوﺳﯽ در اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﯽ در دام ﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻗﺒﻞ، ﻣﻄﺮح اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺷﯿﻮع ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻓﺮاوان اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.

isolation and identification of some respiratory pathogens in perished kids in avingen agro ind. development co.

background and aim: pneumonia is one of the most important diseases that causes a drop in production. bacterial infectious agents are one of the most important causes of this complication.materials and methods: the present study was conducted in order to isolate and identify some respiratory pathogens in dead goats. for this purpose, with numerous referrals to the company during the winter and spring (breeding season), sterile swabs were sampled from the nasal discharge of suspected pneumonia (according to the veterinarian) alpine and senn race for bacteriological and virological examination. two methods of culture and rt-pcr assay were performed.results: among bacteria isolated by culture method, the prevalence of escherichiacoli was 21.15%, staphylococcusepidermidis 15.58%, klebsiellapneumoniae 12.19%, actinomycespyogenes 7.31%, pasteurellamultocida 6.9%, staphylococcusaureus 4.87%, and pseudomonasaeruginosa 2.43% was.also, the prevalence of parainfluenza type 3 and respiratory syncytial virus was reported 43% and 28%, respectively, using molecular methods. in the present study, the most bacteria isolated from pneumonia cases was e. coli. it seems that due to the higher abundance of this bacterium and its presence, especially in the samples, it has a higher contribution in causing pneumonia. although other bacteria that are not very important in causing pneumonia were isolated in relatively significant numbers in culture cases, but the specific organisms causing pneumonia such as p. haemolytica were not isolated from any case, p. multocida was isolated in 5 cases. this bacterium plays a role in causing septicemia in lambs, goats and calves.conclusion: today, the role of viral factors in causing pneumonia in livestock is much more important than before. in this study, these factors were diagnosed with a relatively high prevalence.