تبیین الگوی ورزشکاران نخبه مبتنی بر پذیرش سیاست ‌ها

هدف: این پژوهش با هدف تبیین الگوی کاهش مهاجرت ورزشکاران نخبه مبتنی بر پذیرش سیاست ها انجام شد. روش تحقیق به صورت آمیخته بود. روش شناسی: جامعه آماری در بخش کیفی متخصصین حوزه ورزش نخبه بودند. در بخش کمی نیز جامعه آماری شامل ورزشکاران نخبه بود که تعداد 407 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. در این پژوهش ابزاری که جهت جمع آوری اطلاعات مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است عبارتست از مصاحبه و پرسشنامه، در بخش اول پژوهش از مصاحبه نیمه ساختار مند استفاده شد و در بخش دوم داده‌ های حاصل از پژوهش کیفی به شکل ابزار (پرسشنامه) تهیه و تنظیم گردید. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده های تحقیق از روش معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار پی ‌ال ‌اس استفاده گردید.یافته ها: یافته های تحقیق نشان داد عوامل اصلی موثر بر کاهش مهاجرت ورزشکاران نخبه مبتنی بر پذیرش سیاست ها، شامل اعتماد، شرایط تسهیل‌گر، محدودیت‌ها، سیاست‌های زمینه‌ای، ارتقای کیفی، درک موفقیت، پذیرش سیاست‌ها است که در قالب عوامل علی، زمینه ای، محدودیت ها، عوامل مداخله گر، راهبردها و پیامدها دسته بندی شدند. نتیجه گیری: همچنین نتایج بخش کمی نشان داد تمامی مسیرها دارای ضریب مسیر مثبت و معناداری هستند. از این رو پیشنهاد می شود در جهت کاهش مهاجرت ورزشکاران اولین اقدام اعتمادسازی است که باید درراس تمامی اقدامات قرار گیرد و مهم‌ترین رکن این اقدام شفافیت در سیاست‌ هاست.

explain the pattern of reduction in the emigration of elite athletes based on the acceptance of policies

objective: many factors affect the migration of elites, which can be divided into internal and external factors. external factors that exist in developed or immigrant-receiving countries include the high level of welfare and finance. internal factors are also one of the other effective factors of elite immigration including political and social, scientific and cultural, economic, educational, and occupational and livelihood factors (javdani, 2005). there is a high diversity in elite sports than in the achievements of popular sports, both among countries and over time. it seems that countries achieving very high rates of sports participation face a trade-off between the level of success in the olympics and broader, but sustainable, participation in sports (nessel, 2021). the comprehensive training system of elite athletes includes various aspects such as quality coaching, tools and facilities, administrative and executive structure, financial support and especially talent identification. despite this, all these aspects are influenced by the macro variable that is the direction of the government's political orientations in relation to elite sports (bergsgard, 2017). in other words, international success is achieved through public policy by adopting a strategic approach to athlete development. nevertheless, we should not ignore the influence of public opinion on policies in the country; because the acceptance and acceptability of sports policies by the people can be one of the potential research fields and provide an effort to understand the public attitude towards sports policies. methodology: the research method was mixed. the statistical population in the qualitative section was 12 experts and specialists in the field of elite sports, which were selected in a targeted manner and the interviews continued until theoretical saturation was reached. to calculate the reliability of the interview, the intra-subject agreement method of two coders was used and the reliability value was equal to 0.83. grounded theory and strauss and corbin's approach (1990) were used to analyze the data. in the quantitative part, the statistical population included elite athletes, 407 of whom were selected as a sample. the research tool was the questionnaire. quantitative data analysis was done using structural equations and pls software. results: in the qualitative part, 33.33% of the interviewees were women and 66.67% of them were men. also, the highest amount in the history of management in sports is related to the experience of more than 15 years with 33.33% and the lowest is related to 1 to 5 years with 10%. the majors of the interviewees also have shown that 58% of them had education related to sports science, 25% in management and 16.67% in other fields of study. in the quantitative part, the results showed that 30% of the respondents were women and 70% of them were men.the results of data analysis using three methods of open coding, central coding and selective coding showed that 98 primary concepts in 17 levels and 7 categories trust building, facilitating conditions, limitations, basic policies of quality improvement, understanding of successes and acceptance of policies were categorized .according to the information in table 2, the values obtained for the q2 index are in the medium to strong range. also, the r2 values are in the medium to strong range and the srmr value is less than 0.1, which indicates the appropriate quality of the tested model. conclusion: by knowing the pattern governing the public opinion of a society, it is possible to predict the behavior of the people of that society in the future and in various events. on the one hand, this issue is very important for rulers and political parties, and on the other hand, for sociologists and social psychologists. we should not ignore the role and influence of public opinion on policies in the country, because the acceptance and acceptability of sports policies by the people are one of the potential research areas, trying to understand the public attitude towards sports policies. a high level of public support for sports success is required as one of the resources required for the successful development of an elite sports system (funahashi, 2015). therefore, understanding and accepting the policies of the elites, which will reduce their migration, requires a strategic approach. this approach includes supporting the growth and development of athletes with the benefit of advanced technologies, supporting veterans, recognizing the patterns governing the public opinion of society and adopting policies aligned with organizational aims in sports organizations .