گرایش به رفتارهای پرخطر در سرآغاز جوانی: نقش تعیین‌‌کننده تکانشگری و تنظیم شناختی هیجان

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش تعیین کننده ابعاد تکانشگری و نظم جویی شناختی هیجان‌ در گرایش دانشجویان به رفتارهای پرخطر بود. در یک طرح همبستگی، تعداد 244 نفر (112 دختر و 132 پسر) از دانشجویان سال اول دوره کارشناسی یکی از دانشگاه‌های شهر بجنورد با روش طبقه‌ای متناسب با حجم انتخاب شدند و مقیاس‌ خطر پذیری نوجوانان ایرانی (iars)، مقیاس تکانشگری بارت (bis-11) و پرسشنامه تنظیم شناختی هیجان (cerq) را تکمیل کردند. تحلیل داده‌ها با ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون گام‌ به گام صورت گرفت. نتایج گویای آن بود که گرایش به مصرف مواد مخدر (0.12=r2)، الکل (0.04=r2)، سیگار (0.08=r2)، گرایش به خشونت (0.06=r2)، رفتار جنسی (0.24=r2) و برقراری رابطه با جنس مخالف (0.10=r2) بر حسب ابعاد تنظیم شناختی هیجان و تکانشگری قابل تبیین هستند. در مجموع نتایج این پژوهش گویای آن بود که تکانشگری یا عمل بدون تامل و تنظیم شناختی هیجان یا فرایندهای بازبینی، ارزیابی و تعدیل واکنش‌های هیجانی در گرایش دانشجویان به رفتار‌های پرخطر نقش دارند.

tendency to risky behaviors in emerging adulthood: the role of impulsivity and cognitive emotion

introductionthe investigation of high-risk behaviors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, substance use, and unconventional sexual practices, has been a subject of research due to the immediate and long-term physical, psychological, and social consequences that these behaviours may have (rodasail et al., 2010). in a cross-sectional study conducted by pouralajal et al. (2018) across thirteen iranian universities of medical sciences, it was found that 37.3% of the participants had engaged in at least one risky behavior. the prevalence of smoking was 13.5%, alcohol consumption 7.8%, illicit drug abuse 4.9%, and unprotected sexual intercourse 7.8% .in addition to social and cultural components, psychological factors such as impulsivity have been demonstrated to exert a significant influence on the propensity to engage in risky behaviors. impulsivity represents a disorder in risky decision-making, constituting one of the emotional reactions associated with risky behaviors. impulsivity can be defined as a tendency to react immediately and without prior planning to external and internal stimuli (moallem & ray, 2012). impulsivity has been linked to an increased likelihood of engaging in excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, cannabis use, and risky sexual behaviors (ryan et al., 2013; hasking, & claes, 2019; naeim et al., 2021). a further psychological factor associated with high-risk behaviours is the lack of emotional regulation. one of the strategies employed for regulating emotions is to utilize cognitive processes or cognitive emotion regulation. the existing research indicates that emotion regulation is associated with risky behaviors (hasking, & claes, 2019).in the initial university years, students may experience a combination of excitement and risky challenges. the ability to engage in accurate and effective cognitive thinking and evaluation is crucial for navigating these challenges. when these abilities are not properly managed, it can lead to the development of high-risk behaviors. it is therefore important to examine the determining factors in the occurrence of high-risk behavior, given the effects these behaviors have on the personal, social, and academic aspects of students' lives. the objective of this study was to ascertain the influence of impulsivity and cognitive emotion regulation on students' susceptibility to substance use, smoking, alcohol consumption, violence, sexual behaviour, and relationships with the opposite sex during emerging adulthood.