efficacy of the ethanolic extract of cuminum cyminum and zingiber officiniale on protein profiles of allergenic alternaria alternata isolates

Alternaria alternata (a. alternata) is considered a fungal pathogen. the aims of the study were to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract from cuminum cyminum (c. cyminum) and zingiber officiniale (z. officiniale) on growth inhibition and protein profile of a. alternata pathogens. antifungal activity of the ethanolic extracts of c. cyminum and z. officiniale against a. alternata isolates were performed with the pour plate technique. also, characterization of protein profiles of a. alternata isolates was performed before and after treatment with c. cyminum and z. officiniale extracts using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). both herbal extracts had anti-a. alternata activity to varying extents, indicating 28.80% for c. cyminum and 38.46% for z. officiniale at concentration of 2000 mg at day 3. c. cyminum reduced the total protein (10.85%) and biomass weight (8.87%) of fungal isolates on day 7, whereas these reductions were 16.36% and 20.39% of total protein and biomass weight for z. officiniale, respectively. the results from sds-page revealed that the extracts from c. cyminum and z. officiniale reduced total protein bands from 44 to 24 for c. cyminum (45.5% reduction) and from 44 to 29 for z. officiniale (34.1% reduction). interestingly, c. cyminum and z. officiniale deleted 25 and 30 kda allergenic bands of a. alternata isolates. the predominantly observed decrease in protein fractions of a. alternata after treatment with the ethanolic extracts should be considered as an important response of a. alternata to the herbal components at their sub-inhibitory concentrations.