enhancing the absorption of microelements by applying humic acid and zinc sulfate in physalis alkekengi: improve chlorophyll content and fruit quality

Physalis alkekengi l. is a valuable medicinal plant from the solanaceae family that is used in traditional medicine and has numerous medicinal properties. this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of humic acid and zinc sulfate on the uptake of key microelements (cu, zn, fe, mn) in physalis alkekengi. the study employed a factorial design with three replications, examining three levels of humic acid (0, 1, 2 g l^-1) and three levels of zinc sulfate (0, 0.5, 1 g l^-1) applied as foliar sprays. results demonstrated that the combined application of 2 g l^-1 humic acid and 0.5-1 g l^-1 zinc sulfate significantly enhanced microelement uptake, with zinc and iron concentrations showing the greatest improvements. these increases were positively correlated with improved plant physiological traits. this study highlights the potential of integrating humic acid and zinc sulfate applications to optimize nutrient uptake and improve the nutritional value of medicinal plants under controlled greenhouse conditions. furthermore, these findings have practical implications for sustainable agriculture and traditional medicine, offering strategies to enhance crop productivity, resilience, and the therapeutic quality of physalis alkekengi.