optimal operation of solar energy system integrated with energy storage systems

One of the most pressing challenges in power systems is the environmental impact, which is so critical that the smart grid (sg) includes it as one of the three key pillars in its framework. renewable energy sources offer a potential solution by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering carbon dioxide emissions, which are detrimental to the environment and contribute to global warming. however, certain renewable sources, such as photovoltaic (pv) cells, have uncontrollable power generation, posing a new challenge for grid stability. a viable solution to this issue is the implementation of energy storage systems (ess). these systems can store excess energy produced by renewables during periods of overproduction and release it when needed to enhance economic operation. in this paper, a unit commitment (uc) problem is performed in the presence of pv cells, ess (in the form of batteries), and imported power from neighboring grids. the problem is modeled and simulated in matlab, where the inherent nonlinearity is managed by applying a mixed-integer linear programming (milp) approach. also, the simulation framework is designed with flexibility, enabling it to accommodate various piecewise linearization and different configurations of thermal units in the grid. the simulation results demonstrate an optimal economic operation with a total cost of approximately 124.57 $/mwh achieved through effective integration of solar energy and energy storage systems.