توسعه گردشگری عشایری در بین عشایر ایلسون دهستان سردابه شهرستان اردبیل

مظاهر فرهنگی زندگی عشایری در طول تاریخ در همه شئون ایران نفوذ داشته و امروزه با وجود همه این تحولات، مظاهر فرهنگی کوچ‌نشینی به‌عنوان یک زندگی سنتی به‌خصوص در مناطق خاصی حفظ‌شده است.‌ چارچوب و استراتژی پیشنهادی برای مناطق مختلف عشایری کشور به‌طور کامل باید مطابق با استعدادهای بالقوه و بالفعل منطقه ارائه شود.‌ با توجه به علاقه روزافزون گردشگران به گردشگری در فضاهای دورافتاده عشایری و با توجه به امکانات بالقوه موجود در مناطق عشایری شهرستان اردبیل، گردشگری عشایری پتانسیل‌های زیادی برای توسعه و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری دارا است.‌ هدف اصلی این تحقیق بررسی امکان برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری عشایری در دهستان سردابه واقع در دامنه‌های سبلان است.‌ روش تحقیق مورداستفاده، روش تحقیق کیفی است که از برنامه‌ریزی تعاملی با استفاده از رهیافت ارزیابی مشارکتی روستایی و برای گردآوری اطلاعات از روش‌های مصاحبه هدایت نشده، مصاحبه هدایت‌شده (30 نمونه) و مشاهده استفاده‌شده است.‌ طبق یافته‌های تحقیق، در زمینه توریسم روستایی و عشایری، توریسم یک پروژه توسعه‌ای موفق نبوده؛ توسعه توریسم به خاطر فقدان حمایت دولتی، دچار رکود شده؛ توریسم بدون برنامه‌ریزی رشد یافته؛ افراد مقیم از توسعه توریسم، به دلیل ظاهر شدن اثرات منفی توریسم در روستا و ییلاقات از آن حمایت نمی‌کنند؛ نبود برنامه‌ریزی توریسم همواره بوده و تداوم داشته؛ توریسم دارای اثرات مثبتی بر اقتصاد و توسعه روستا است.‌ نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که توسعه خدمات گردشگری در مناطق عشایری دارای همان آثار مثبت و منفی و چالش‌های گردشگری روستایی است که با برنامه‌ریزی و کار فرهنگی می‌توان از آثار و چالش‌های آن کاست.

development of nomadic tourism among the ilson nomads of sardabeh rural district, ardabil county

a b s t r a c tthe cultural manifestations of nomadic life have influenced all aspects of iran throughout history, and today, despite all these developments, the cultural manifestations of nomadism have been preserved as a traditional life, especially in certain regions. the proposed framework and strategy for the various nomadic regions of the country should be fully presented in accordance with the potential and actual talents of the region. given the increasing interest of tourists in tourism in remote nomadic spaces and considering the potential facilities available in the nomadic areas of ardabil city, nomadic tourism has great potential for tourism development and planning. the main objective of this research is to investigate the possibility of planning nomadic tourism in sardabeh village located on the slopes of sabalan. the research method used is interactive planning using a participatory rural assessment approach, which uses unguided interview, guided interview, and observation methods to collect information. according to the research findings, in the field of rural and nomadic tourism, tourism has not been a successful development project; tourism development has stagnated due to the lack of government support; tourism has grown without planning; residents do not support the development of tourism due to the negative effects of tourism in villages and countryside; the lack of tourism planning has always been and continues to be; tourism has positive effects on the economy and development of the village. the results of the research show that the development of tourism services in nomadic areas has the same positive and negative effects and challenges of rural tourism, and with planning and cultural work, its negative effects and challenges can be reduced and its benefits increased.extended abstractintroductionthe nomadic community is one of the three urban, rural and nomadic communities of the country, whose development can play a significant role in rural and urban development, given the proximity of nomadic villages and hamlets to villages and the fact that some of them are settled in the city.‌ nomadic areas, as a cultural heritage, include special features such as local customs, customs and traditions related to nomadic life, type of housing, music, local languages and moral and spiritual values.‌ therefore, a targeted and planned effort to preserve and revive the original cultural traditions of tribes and nomads will be beneficial both in terms of creating self-confidence among them and in terms of familiarizing them with iranian cultures.‌the proposed framework and strategy for the various nomadic regions of the country should be proposed in full accordance with the potential and actual talents of the region.‌ in other words, environmental talents and capabilities (water, soil, pastures, forests, mines, climate, etc.‌) will play a decisive role in the type of strategy proposed for the region.‌the ilsun tribes are the third largest tribal tribe in the country in terms of population composition, with 44 tribes settled in the moghan plain, meshkinshahr, and ardabil regions.‌ vakilabad village is one of the province's tourism target villages, attracting thousands of tourists every year, and is located on the slopes of sabalan mountain and in the countryside of tribes of the ilsun tribes.‌planning and developing nomadic tourism in this region can both ensure the sustainability of tribal life and the development of mountainous areas far from the city, prevent the migration of villagers and nomads, and encourage them to settle in villages.‌ the main goal of this research is nomadic tourism planning, in which interactive planning with a participatory rural assessment approach has been used.‌ methodologythe research method used in this study is a qualitative research method in which the participatory rural assessment method (pra) was used to carry out interactive planning of nomadic tourism.‌ the participatory rural assessment method can be considered as enabling rural communities to control and master the rural development process, which involves rural communities in the stages of information collection, information analysis, problem identification and proposal for problem solving, and encourages active participation in all of the above-mentioned stages.‌ results and discussiona noteworthy point regarding the shahsoon nomads in sardabeh rural district is that the jahan khanumlu and foladvand tribes, etc.‌, are located on the slopes of sabalan next to the villages of the rural district, especially the village of vakil abad (sardabeh), so the development and planning of nomadic tourism in this area depends on the development of rural tourism in vakil abad village and sardabeh rural district.‌ therefore, it has been tried that in addition to the development of rural tourism in sardabeh rural district, special attention is also paid to nomadic tourism.‌ the greatest responsibility for planning nomadic tourism has been placed on the shoulders of the villagers themselves so that the villagers can achieve their goal of achieving sustainable development of nomadic tourism in iran, which has been planned and developed in a participatory manner, through their participation and cooperation.‌ in order to keep this planning on the right track, it is also necessary to form a working group consisting of the nomads themselves and informed and knowledgeable individuals to take the necessary measures in this regard and monitor and control the development of tourism.‌ programs and projects to achieve long-term goals include: a program to prepare detailed-executive plans for nomadic tourism in the region; a program to compile and prepare identity cards for each of the attractions and cultural and traditional resources of nomadic tourism; a program for mutual cooperation at the provincial and national levels in order to attract and exchange tourists; preparing and publishing programs to inform and inform the public with the aim of introducing the importance of tourism and awareness of its positive and negative effects and participation in nomadic tourism programs.‌ the following are the investment priorities: a) preparation and development of detailed-executive plans for nomadic tourism.‌ b) implementation of projects related to creating job opportunities.‌ d) implementation of projects related to the development of nomadic tourism.‌ c) implementation of projects related to the development of tourism infrastructure - water supply, electricity, waste and sewage disposal and telecommunications.‌ conclusionthe following three dimensions are necessary for the formation of sustainable rural development and tourism in the village of vakil abad and the nomadic countryside: 1) active investment by local bodies and organizations, 2) substantial investment in local and indigenous resources, and 3) active local control.‌ although most participants reacted positively to tourism development, most of them also expressed disappointment with the government's support for tourism.‌ according to the research objective of investigating the possibility of planning nomadic tourism in sardabeh rural district, it was confirmed that the nomads themselves have ideas about how to participate in tourism development to improve their lives, which are necessary for the government or the responsible organizations to consider the plans and opinions of the nomads themselves, which they have an opportunity to present in the regulation of tourism policies or plans.‌ fundingthere is no funding support.‌ authors' contributionauthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article.‌ all of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.‌ conflict of interestauthors declared no conflict of interest.‌ acknowledgmentsi would like to thank all the respected residents of sardabeh village.