comparative analysis of practical testing and theoretical estimation of solar battery charging rate

In photovoltaic (pv) systems, the storage battery represents the most significant lifetime cost component and critically influences system reliability and performance. this study presents empirical findings from laboratory testing of solar cells, focusing on the comparative evaluation of a 12/24v charge controller’s displayed battery charge percentage against theoretically estimated values. the results demonstrate close alignment between measured and calculated charge percentages, validating the proposed method as a practical approximation for battery state of charge (soc) assessment. these insights are particularly relevant for optimizing battery selection and maintenance in solar power systems, where cost efficiency and longevity are paramount.