شناسایی ابعاد و مولفه های ساختار تعاون در ایران با رویکرد وقف و امور خیریه مبتنی بر پژوهش آمیخته

ساختار مناسب و کارآمد، اولین و مهم‌ترین عامل رسیدن به اهداف در تمامی نظام‌ها ازجمله نظام تعاون است. یکی از رویکردهایی که سبب تعالی نظام تعاون در کشور می‌شود توجه به امور خیریه و وقف در نظام تعاون در کشور است. هدف از اجرای تحقیق حاضر شناسایی ابعاد و مولفه‌های ساختار تعاون کشور با رویکرد وقف و امور خیریه است. این تحقیق ازنظر هدف کاربردی است و با روش آمیخته انجام شد. در راستای انجام مطالعه کیفی - کمی از روش مطالعه کیفی تحلیل مضمون، مصاحبه‌ای نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 15 نفر از خبرگان دانشگاهی و مدیران حوزه تعاون انجام شد و به‌منظور غربالگری و اجماع‌نظر خبرگان با روش کمی دلفی فازی تعداد 10 نفر از خبرگان انتخاب شدند. در طراحی ساختار تعاون کشور با رویکرد وقف و امور خیریه تلاش شد با حذف رویه‌های زائد و کاهش بوروکراسی، حذف وظایف مشابه و تکراری، رفع وظایف متداخل و موازی‌کاری‌ها، عدم پیچیدگی و عدم تمرکز، علاوه بر لحاظ‌کردن ویژگی‌های سادگی و چابکی و کاهش تصدی‌گری دولت در بخش تعاون، ارتباط منطقی بین اجزای تشکیل‌دهنده، برقرار و ساختاری مناسب ارائه شود. همچنین، به‌منظور همکاری در تدوین سیاست‌های تعاون کشور و انسجام و هماهنگی تمام دستگاه‌ها و همسوکردن فعالیت‌ها برای نظام‌مندسازی امور خیریه در نظام تعاون کشور با اهداف و سیاست‌ها و نظارت بر حسن اجرای آن، تشکیل شورای ملی تعاون با دبیری وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی پیشنهاد شد.

identifying the dimensions and components of the cooperative structure in iran with the approach of waqf and charity affairs based on mixed research

introductioniran as a developing country needs to address its immediate societal needs in line with its national and religious values and reduce its gap with other societies. national productivity studies and comparisons of iran with similar countries also indicate the need to pay attention to management structures (mohammadzadeh sultanmoradi et al., 2019: 3). on the other hand, social inequality and the issue of poverty in iranian society have turned into a socio-economic crisis (ahmadi et al., 2023: 243), and governments have been active in the economic field with the main goal of eliminating this poverty and deprivation (abbasi et al., 2023: 270). to eliminate these inequalities, the use and structuring of cooperative institutions with a semi-look at charity and endowment can be a solution (ahmadi et al., 2023: 243). the cooperative institution in iran has legal status because articles 43 and 44 of the constitution explicitly refer to the provision of employment through cooperatives and the division of the national economy into three government, cooperative, and private sectors, and consequently, the law of the cooperative sector of the islamic republic of iran was approved by the islamic consultative assembly in 1991 (oghabayi jazni et al., 2018). an endowment can be considered a model for exiting the crisis, as the political system governing the endowment has been a mediator of changes in the performance of this socio-religious institution (ahmadi et al., 2023: 243). in most countries, the cooperative management system has centralized planning, but in terms of implementation, it follows a decentralized system. apart from that, in terms of the complexity of the organizational structure, this system is simple and small in volume. given the aforementioned, this study aims to revise and construct a new structure and propose a suitable model for the cooperative management structure of the country, following the specific cultural, social, and political conditions of the country.methodologygiven the exploratory nature of the research topic, a mixed-method research design was used to design a model for the cooperative structure in iran with an endowment and charity approach and to deeply explain the effective components. the research was conducted in two qualitative and quantitative phases. in terms of research orientation, the qualitative phase is part of basic research and the quantitative phase is part of developmental research. the research was conducted in four stages. in the first step of the first stage, the cooperative structure in iran was studied using a qualitative method, based on upstream documents, library study method, and organizational structure (form) review. this step answers the question, what is the cooperative structure in iran? then, in the second step, a content analysis method was used to extract the content indices of cooperation from semi-structured interviews with 15 experts, including managers and employees of the deputy of cooperation in the ministry of cooperation, labor and social welfare, and the university professors in the field of public management. the purpose of this step is to answer the question, what are the components and indices related to the structure (content) of the cooperative sector? in the third step, using the available sampling method and the fuzzy delphi method, ten university experts and managers in the field of cooperation were screened for dimensions, components, and indicators of cooperation with an endowment and charity approach.research findingsthe findings of the current study indicate that reducing government intervention in charity affairs is one of the most important principles under consideration for reforming the structure of the country’s cooperative organizations.