نوع‌شناسی اولویت‌ های ذهنی مدیران خیریه‌ های دولتی و غیردولتی در موضوع مدیریت امر خیر در کشور مبتنی بر روش‌ شناسی کیو

حضور بخش دولتی و غیردولتی در حوزه امور خیریه در کشور، هم ایجادکننده فرصت و هم تهدید برای کشور است. نظام حکمرانی امور خیریه در ایران با چالش‌های متعددی روبه‌رو است. بر این اساس، این حوزه نیازمند به تنظیم‌گری است؛ اما موفقیت هر سیاستی در گرو شناخت و فهم دقیق وضعیت موجود است. یکی از موضوعاتی به‌کاربردنی در این زمینه، شناخت اولویت‌های ذهنی مدیران خیریه‌های دولتی و غیردولتی است. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از روش‌شناسی کیو تلاش شده است تا نوع‌شناسی از اولویت‌های ذهنی مدیران خیریه‌های دولتی و غیردولتی در موضوع مدیریت امر خیر در کشور ارائه شود. برای این منظور، ابتدا در فاز کیفی عبارت‌های کیو ازطریق مصاحبه با مدیران، استخراج و در قالب 31 عبارت نهایی شد. در فاز کمی، پرسشنامه کیو حاصل از 18 نفر از مدیران خیریه‌ها تجزیه‌وتحلیل و با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، گروه‌های ذهنیتی شناخته شدند. بر این اساس، شش گروه ذهنی شامل قائلان به مردمی‌سازی با محوریت تنظیم‌گری دولت، قائلان به ارتقای عملکرد خیریه‌ها، قائلان به حضور شفاف مردمی، مخالفان تصدی‌گری دولتی، حاکمیت‌گرایان و تبلیغ‌گرایان شناسایی شدند و ذهنیت هر گروه توضیح داده شد. براساس یافته‌های این پژوهش، برای طراحی نظام کلان مدیریت امور خیریه در کشور، باید تلاش کرد تا به عناصر مشترک در بین ذهنیت‌ها مانند ضرورت مردمی‌سازی امر خیر در کشور توجه کرد و از محورهایی که مورد اتفاق کامل در بین مدیران نیست، فاصله گرفت.

a typology of the mental priorities of governmental and non-governmental charity managers in the issue of charity management in iran based on q methodology

introductionvoluntary organizations play an important role in today’s society (alfes, 2018:1-2). in iran, an important part of the economy is dedicated to the non-profit sector (ayodo, 2021). in all organizations, weakness in management weakens non-profit organizations (pyanov et al., 2021). accordingly, it is very important to better understand the factors that influence the decision-making of organization managers (cyr et al., 2022:1-2). charitable organizations should strive to demonstrate the highest level of performance; because a well-managed charity organization will ensure a higher reputation and more donations (crettez et al., 2021:26). charitable organizations, as spontaneous support institutions, have a significant impact on the process of poverty alleviation and social harm (nayeri et al., 2021:2). part of the challenges of charities, at the micro level, include people’s lack of trust in how to spend donations and poor communication between charities and donors (ayodo, 2021) and limited resources (alfes, 2018:1-2). considering the diversity of charitable organizations, the necessity of designing a large system of charity is felt twice. the design of this system should be based on the opinions of actors and activists in the field of charity affairs. therefore, improving and reforming the governance system of charity affairs should be based on the views and experiences of non-governmental and governmental charities, which requires a general understanding of their approaches and mindsets. in the theoretical literature, topics such as charity in the economy, the definition of charity, the ratio of government and non-government sectors in charity affairs, and issues and problems of governance of charity affairs in the country are discussed.research methodologyin the current research, q methodology was used, which is included in the category of applied research. this method is mixed and exploratory and has no hypothesis. for the current research, in the stage of gathering the discourse space and cue cards, the interview tool was used, and in the quantitative stage, the cue table was used, and for the quantitative data analysis, exploratory factor analysis was used. to understand the discourse environment, due to the limited number of interviews and reports published on the internet, and also for further accreditation, interviews were conducted with 23 managers of governmental and non-governmental charities and several expert professors in this field.research findingsin this research, in the first stage of selecting the q sample phrase, 87 selected phrases were obtained. finally, 31 terms have been selected. in the next step, 23 experts were studied and were given q statements and tables to complete, and finally, 18 q answers were used for analysis. in the mentioned research, face validity was used and cronbach’s alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the study, and the present value was 0.96. in the current study, the value of the kmo index is equal to 546. in q methodology, the pebble diagram is used to show the most important factors in terms of the determined amount of variance. from the first factor onwards, the explanatory variance suddenly drops sharply.