بازشناسی و تحلیل ابعاد صوری و ساختاری قالی مُهاجران(مارون)

پژوهش پیشِ رو، حاصل جستجوی میدانی برای یافتن و مطالعه طرح های بازمانده از زمان حیات و رونق قالی بافی در مهاجران و معرفی آنهاست. مهاجران از روستاهای ارمنی نشین و یکی از مهمترین کانون های بافندگی اراک درگذشته بود که امروزه کالبد روستا و هنر قالی بافی آن از بین رفته است. قالی مهاجران ضمن تاثیرپذیری از نظام بافندگی اراک، دارای طرح و نقش های باهویت است که تاکنون در منظومه پژوهش وارد نشده و جامعه پژوهش از مطالعه و معرفی آن غفلت ورزیده است؛ بنابراین بازشناسی و بررسی ابعاد فنی و زیباشناختی قالی مهاجران هدف این پژوهش است. از این رهگذر، با جستجو در پایگاه های دارنده قالی ایران، تعداد 31 نمونه متفاوت و متنوع از میان شمار زیادی از قالی های مهاجران انتخاب و جهت تحلیل و معرفی، مطالعه و بررسی شدند. بر این اساس، پرسش اصلی این است که ابعاد فنی و زیبایی شناختی قالی مهاجران کدام است؟ یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد در قالی مهاجران، صرفاً نقوش گیاهی انتزاعی و تجریدی در قالب گلدسته ها و بوته ها و همچنین گلدان های گنبدی و محرابی شکل به صورت ترکیب بندی انتشار، نقش پردازی شده اند. همچنین سازه مرکزی یا نقش مایه ترنج به صورت صلیب گون و شبیه به آنچه در قالی لیلیان دیده می شود، وجود دارد. به واقع ساختار و ماهیت قالی مهاجران به ویژه در طراحی و قاب بندی و فضاسازی نقشمایه‌ها بسیار شبیه و نزدیک به قالی لیلیان در خمین است و این نشان دهنده حفظ ویژگی های صوری و دیداری طرح ها و نقشه های قالی های ارمنی باف ایران است که شاید ریشه در قالی ارمنستان به عنوان خاستگاه نخستین این قالی ها باشد. این پژوهش از نوع کیفی و توسعه ای و روش تحقیق توصیفی تحلیلی است. همچنین شیوه گردآوری داده ها، جستجو در بازار اراک و مجموعه های معتبر جهانی است.

recognition and analysis of the formal and structural dimensions of the mohajeran(maroun) carpet

mohajeran, with the old name of maroun, is the name of one of the famous villages of the central province, which is located in the southwest of arak and has a brilliant reputation and rich history in this native art due to the weaving of excellent carpets by armenian weavers. the history of carpet weaving among mohajeran according to the presence of quality examples in famous museums of world and collections according to claremont and matt cameron, reaches the third quarter of the 13th century/19th century. mohajeran carpets based on existing samples and having qualitative components and native visual values hidden in themselves, were at the same level as farahan and sarouk carpets (prominent poles of carpet weaving in the central province), in such a way that some of the old carpets of the arak (sultan-abad) school of carpet weaving have been recognized and named as sarooq-mohajran in reliable collections, which shows the superiority of both weaving centers in the production of high quality carpets. the present research is the result of a field search to find and study surviving designs from the life and prosperity of carpet weaving among mohajeran and their introduction. mohajeran was one of the armenian villages and one of the most important centers of arak weaving in the past, but today the body of the village and its art of carpet weaving have been lost. in addition to being influenced by the arak weaving system, the mohajeran carpet features a unique design and map that reflect its distinct identity. unfortunately, this identity has been overlooked by the research community as they have neglected to study and introduce it into their research system. therefore, identifying and investigating the technical and aesthetic dimensions of the mohajeran carpets is the goal of this research. in this way, by searching the databases of iranian carpet owners, a total of 31 different and diverse samples were selected from among a large number of mohajeran carpets and were studied and examined for analysis and introduction. therefore, the main question is what are the technical and aesthetic dimensions of the mohajeran carpet? the summary of the research findings is as follows: in mohajeran carpets, only abstract plant motifs in the form of bouquets and bushes, as well as domes and altar-shaped vases have been carved in the form of diffusion composition. moreover, there is a central structure or motif of trange in the form of a cross and similar to what can be seen in the lilian carpet. in fact, the structure and nature of the mohajeran carpet, especially in the design, framing, and space creation of motifs, is very similar and close to the lilian carpet in khomein and this shows the preservation of the formal and visual characteristics of the designs and maps of the armenian woven carpets of iran, which may be rooted in the armenian carpet as the first origin of these carpets. this research is of a qualitative and developmental type and has a descriptive-analytical research method. also, the method of data collection is searching in the arak market and reliable global collections.