impact of an artificial intelligence chatbot on iranian efl learnersspeaking performance and self-efficacy

This study investigates the impact of using chatgpt as a virtual speaking tutor to enhance self-efficacy among iranian english as a foreign language (efl) learners. to ensure an equal starting point, the study began by measuring the language proficiency of 60 participants with the opt test. the control and experimental groups were established by randomly selecting two intact classes. the experiment lasted for 12 weeks. the experimental group participants used chatgpt as a speaking tutor to support their learning in classes with given topics in line with the coursebook, while the control group subjects participated in speaking sessions in class. data collection was done using speaking exams and a self-efficacy questionnaire (zhang et al.,2023), and the results were analyzed using spss 27. the results showed participants’ speaking performance improved significantly. chatgpt also increased self-efficacy by offering a supportive environment for feedback, repeated practice, and adaptive instruction. this approach reduced speaking anxiety, helping students speak more confidently. finally, the researchers discussed the likely origins of the observed differences and suggested some areas for future research.