بررسی نقش سن و حافظه کاری بر رابطه‌ی بین انگیزه و ریسک‌پذیری کارآفرینان بالقوه

هدف: یکی از مهم‌ترین مولفه‌های کارآفرینان موفق تصمیم‌گیری در شرایطی است که می‌تواند خطرات و ریسک‌های زیادی را برایشان به همراه داشته باشد. کارآفرینان همواره باید در شرایط عدم اطمینان و ابهامات موجود در فضای استارتاپی، تصمیماتی سخت گرفته و بر پایه‌ی آن تصمیم‌ها به سمت اهداف خود حرکت کنند. این تصمیماتِ همراه با ریسک، چه مالی، چه اجتماعی و یا امثال این‌ موارد، به نوبه خود می‌تواند موفقیت یا شکست فرد کارآفرین را رقم بزند. در این پژوهش به بررسی تاثیر دو مولفه‌ی سن و حافظه کاری بر میزان انگیزه و ریسک‌پذیری کارآفرینان بالقوه می‌پردازیم. روش: نمونه مورد مطالعه این پژوهش، تعداد 142 کارآفرین بالقوه بوده که قصد راه‌اندازی کسب‌و‌کاری را در آینده دارند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات مربوط به انگیزه افراد از پرسشنامه استاندارد و برای سنجش عملکرد حافظه کاری و ریسک‌پذیری آنان، از آزمون‌های شناختی رایانه‌ای نرم‌افزار کنتب استفاده کردیم.یافته‌ها: یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان دادند که بین انگیزه و عملکرد ریسک‌پذیری کارآفرینان بالقوه رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین با بالا رفتن سن افراد و همینطور، تغییر سطح انگیزه کارآفرینان بالقوه می‌توان بر عملکرد حافظه کاری آنان تاثیر گذاشت.نتیجه‌گیری: با کمک یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌توان به کارآفرینان کمک کرد تا تصمیمات دارای ریسک خود را با کیفیت بیشتری بگیرند و در نتیجه راه هموارتری را برای رسیدن به اهداف کارآفرینانه خود طی کنند.

investigating the role of age and working memory on the relationship between motivation and risk-taking of potential entrepreneurs

objective: one of the most important components of successful entrepreneurs is decision-making in a situation that can bring many dangers and risks to them. entrepreneurs should always make tough decisions in the conditions of uncertainty and ambiguities in the startup environment and move toward their goals based on those decisions. these decisions accompanied by risk, whether financial, social or similar, can in turn determine the success or failure of the entrepreneur. in this research, we investigate the effect of the two components of working memory and motivation on the level of risk-taking of potential entrepreneurs, and we also observe the effect of age changes on each of these variables.methodology: the sample studied in this research is 142 potential entrepreneurs who intend to start a business in the future. we used a standard questionnaire to collect information related to people’s motivation, and to measure their working memory performance and risk-taking, we used computerized cognitive tests of cantab software. the selected people are from the startup teams of the convergent technologies research institute of tehran university. all these people have done their test individually in an isolated environment located in the research institute of convergent technologies of tehran university in full compliance with the test protocol.findings: in the research findings section, the relationships between the main and secondary variables were investigated and compared with the research hypotheses. the two indices that are important for measuring the fit of the research model are chi-square and nfi, which are suitable if they are above 5% and 0.9, respectively, which was also the case in the findings of the present study. then the coefficients of determination and effect size were examined. in the conclusion part of the research, we examined why some hypotheses were rejected and some were confirmed, and with the help of previous literature, we examined why each one. this research showed that there is a significant relationship between motivation and risk-taking performance of potential entrepreneurs. also, by changing the motivation level of potential entrepreneurs, their working memory performance can be affected. on the other hand, the age variable was related to all variables of working memory, motivation, and risk-taking, but its relationship with motivation was contrary to existing literature, and our findings could not be properly aligned with previous studies. the reason for this can be motivated by the breadth of literature and it is better to consider more factors in another research.conclusion: with the help of the findings of this research, entrepreneurs can be helped to make their risky decisions with higher quality and thus take a smoother path to reach their entrepreneurial goals. finally, we know that entrepreneurs are one of the important elements of economic progress and helping them succeed can help the economy and welfare of the society