catalytic conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over magnetic tetrazole-based ionic liquid as a bronsted acid catalyst

5-hydroxymethylfurfural (hmf) is a key renewable platform compound for production of fuels and chemical intermediates [1-4]. the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (hmf) from fructose dehydration was studied using a magnetic tetrazole-based ionic liquid as a bronsted acid catalyst, with different solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) and dimethylacetamide (dmac)). the synthesized catalyst was characterized by powder xrd, eds, fesem and ft-ir. the effect of fructose concentration, temperature and acid concentration and catalyst loading was investigated in dmac/dmso medium.