a laboratory study of square velocity cap in water extraction from the sea

The importance of seawater desalination technology as a supplementary water source or even as the main source of water for different countries is increasing. deep water intake is one of the different methods of water extraction, which has attracted the attention of various researchers due to its various advantages, including the continuous supply of high-quality water from seawater. to reduce the environmental impact and preserve marine animals, a velocity cap is used at the head of the water intake. the common shape of the velocity cap is square. in this research, several physical tests have been done to investigate the effect of the location and height of the openings, the number of blades of the velocity cap, and the froude number of the flow approaching the velocity cap on the hydraulic performance of the velocity cap. the results showed that by increasing the number of the blades well as increasing the free distance beneath the velocity cap, the discharge coefficient will be decreased. additionally, increasing the height of the velocity cap will not have much effect on the inlet discharge. a relation was then proposed for the discharge coefficient of the square-shaped velocity caps.