thermal management simulation of perovskite solar cells equipped with pcm coupled with fin

The efficiency of solar cells significantly decreases with increasing operating temperatures, making effective thermal management a critical need. this study explores a novel approach to enhancing thermal control in perovskite solar cells through the integration of phase change materials (pcms) and copper fins. the pcm used, ba (oh)₂·8h₂o, is recognized for its high latent heat storage capacity, while copper fins are employed to improve thermal conductivity. the thermal behavior of the system was simulated using comsol multiphysics® software under standard solar radiation (1000 w/m²) and ambient conditions. results reveal that incorporating a 0.3 cm layer of pcm reduces the maximum operating temperature from 65°c to 50.4°c, representing a 21.25% decrease. adding copper fins further enhances thermal performance, lowering the maximum temperature to 48.2°c, a 25.84% reduction. these modifications mitigate thermal stress, enhance energy conversion efficiency, and extend the solar cell’s lifespan. furthermore, the study highlights the importance of accurate thermal simulations for predicting solar cell performance. the findings demonstrate the potential of this passive cooling system for scalable and cost-effective applications in photovoltaic technology. future work should focus on optimizing the system s design and experimentally validating its real-world performance.