probabilistic risk assessment of endocrine disrupting pesticides in iran

The chronic diet risk for 34 pesticides was assessed by comparing tmdi with the acceptable daily intakes (adi) evaluated by fao and 6 pesticides had tmdi > adi. his or total hqs in apple were 1.81 for adults and 2.82 for children due to edps residue as well as, hi in citrus due to edps residue were 1.11 and 1.73 in adults and children. hi of cucumber consumption in children was 1.28, and 1.47 for lettuce, in potato it was 1.38, in rice 1.23 and tomato it was 1.29 more than acceptable level. hq in wheat was 17.40 and 20.29 in adults and children, respectively. due to dimethoate residue in wheat, hq was 2.78, and for fenitrothion residue 3.22. hi was 21.22 for adults and 24.76 for children in wheat, more than 1.total carcinogenic risk (tcr) due to edps residues was 6.40×10-5 in apple, in citrus fruits was 5.97×10-5, 3.33×10-5 in cucumber, 5.30×10-5 in lettuce, in potato was 2.36×10-5, in rice was 1.61×10-5, 1.78×10-5 in tomato, and due to epoxiconazole residues in wheat was 3.18×10-5, more than acceptable limit 1.0×10-6. therefore, consumers were at significant risk of carcinogenesis in these products.