the unity of the islamic world: necessity, factors, effects, and obstacles with emphasis on the views of quranic exegetes and imam khomeini

The unity of the islamic world is a concept emphasized in the quran and by muslim scholars, including imam khomeini (r.a.). this study examines the necessity, factors, effects, and obstacles of unity from the perspective of the quran and the views of imam khomeini. conducted through a library-based method with a descriptive-analytical approach, the research findings indicate that unity is an indispensable necessity for the advancement, reform, and security of the islamic society. imam khomeini considers it the most critical issue for islamic governments. shared principles and branches of religion, faith-based brotherhood, and the improvement of relations among muslims are among the factors that foster unity. conversely, pessimism and excommunication (takfīr), friendship with the enemies of islam, and hostility toward muslims are among the obstacles to unity. the effects of unity include leadership and prosperity, the achievement of goals, and the defeat of enemies. ultimately, the unity of the islamic world is an essential prerequisite for attaining the lofty objectives of the islamic society. imam khomeini, by proposing practical strategies, strongly emphasizes the realization of this goal.