fabrication and characterization of polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiltration membrane for wastewater treatment

Nanofiltration (nf), as a separation process between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, has the ability to remove heavy metals, dyes, viruses, bacteria and parasites from water and wastewater. in this work, the nf membrane was fabricated by the phase separation method using the polyvinylidene fluoride (pvdf) polymer. for the prepared nf membrane with 18%wt of pvdf, the water flux and the flux recovery rate were 4.445 kg/m2.h, 74.2%, respectively. also, characterization of the pvdf nf membrane indicated a contact angle of 88.5o and porosity of 69.79%. moreover, for investigating the performance of the membrane in the mgso4 salt removal, as a divalent salt, and also the reactive blue dye removal, results showed the rejection percentages of 81% and 96.92%, respectively.