beaded superabsorbent hydrogels based on starch_g_poly(acrylic acid) assisted by cellulose nanofibers for cu ions removal

The removal of industrial pollutants by biological adsorbents has resently recieved attention due to their low cost  and compatibility with the environment. in this research, the potential of  four adsorbents based on cellulose nanofibers_assisted starch _g_poly(acrylic acid) and sodium alginate hydrogrls in removing cu from water was investigated.  it was found that st_g_paa/cnfs hydrogel exhibit the highest amount of cu uptake in the solution containing 0.6 g/l ions. the adsorption capacity rises by increasing the ratio of st-g-paa/cnfs to sodium alginate (sa) in headrogel beads.