effect of vitamin d on helicobacter pylori infection and eradication: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: various studies that have examined the association between helicobacter pylori (h pylori) and vitamin d (25-hydroxyvitamin d [25(oh)d]) have reported different and sometimes controversial results.objectives: this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between vitamin d and h. pylori infection and its eradication.methods: observational studies published in english were searched in pubmed, scopus, and isi databases up to august 1, 2021. the odds ratio of h. pylori infection and eradication in the low vitamin d group and the control group was calculated using the standardized mean difference (smd). the pooled estimate was calculated using a random effects model. heterogeneity was assessed using cochran’s q test and the i2 index. results: twelve studies were analyzed in this meta-analysis, and the results showed that the level of 25(oh)d in h pylori‐positive patients was significantly lower than those without infection (smd = -0.66 ng/ml, 95% ci: -0.99, -0.33, p<0.001). also, the level of 25(oh)d in h. pylori successful eradication individuals was significantly higher than those with unsuccessful eradication (smd = 1.53 ng/ml, 95% ci: 1.34–1.71, p<0.001).conclusion: there is a significant relationship between vitamin d levels and h. pylori infection and its eradication. therefore, paying attention to vitamin d levels when treating h. pylori infection is necessary.