prevalence of mastalgia and the complications attributed to it following mirena intrauterine device insertion: a prospective cohort study

Background: in recent decades, the surge in global population has prompted the adoption of family planning policies. while an intrauterine device (iud) is among the most effective contraception methods, it may result in complications and issues that necessitate its removal. the aim of this study is to examine mastalgia and related complications stemming from the use of mirena iud among women who seek medical care in yazd, iran. objectives: the objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of mastalgia and associated complications following the use of mirena iud among women visiting medical centers in yazd, iran.methods: in this prospective cohort study, a total of 201 women who were using mirena iud and visited the gynecology ward of two hospitals (one public and one private) in yazd province, iran were followed up for 6 months (from november 2021 to june 2022). the study data were collected using a questionnaire that included information on age, parity, duration of iud usage, and any complications arising from the use of iud.results: the study found that after iud insertion, 36.9% of women (48) reported mild mastalgia, while 3.5% (7) and 6% (12) reported moderate and severe mastalgia, respectively. after 6 months, 37.9% of participants (54) experienced mild mastalgia, while 5% (10) and 6% (12) reported moderate and severe mastalgia, respectively. menstrual spotting was the most prevalent iud consequence (57.2%), followed by pelvic discomfort (28.9%), dyspareunia (27.9%), and nausea (17.4%).conclusion: this study highlighted mastalgia as the second most frequent complication associated with iud usage after abnormal uterine bleeding. interestingly, the age and parity of the participants did not appear to be related to mastalgia. furthermore, breast complications associated with iud usage were found to be relatively common, underscoring the need for further investigation into these complications.