comparison of tumor cd8 in high- and low-grade ovarian carcinoma at indonesia in 2021-2023

Background objective: to conduct a study comparing tumor-infiltrating cd8+ t cells in high- and low-grade ovarian carcinoma in indonesia population. cd8+ t cells play a critical role in antitumor immunity, and their presence may reflect tumor aggressiveness and prognosis. understanding their distribution helps in identifying potential therapeutic and prognostic markers for ovarian cancer.materials methods: this observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was performed on patients diagnosed with primary high- and low-grade ovarian carcinoma based on histopathological examination at dr. soetomo hospital from 2021 to 2023. immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess cd8 expression in tumor tissue. data was analyzed using mann-whitney and chi-square tests. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.results: out of 55 samples, 52.7% were high-grade ovarian carcinoma and 47.3% were low-grade. high cd8 expression was found in 72.4% of high-grade cases and 61.5% of low-grade cases. there was no significant difference between high-grade and low-grade ovarian carcinoma in cd8 expression (p=0.121). no significant relationship was found between age, age at menarche, ca-125 levels, and cea levels with the histopathological type of ovarian tumor.conclusion: although nulliparity is a known risk factor for ovarian carcinoma, this study found no significant difference in cd8+ t cell expression between high-grade and low-grade cases. cd8+ expression did not appear to influence the clinical characteristics in either group. further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to better understand the relationship between cd8+ t cell infiltration and the histopathological subtypes of ovarian carcinoma.