teacher immunity in language teaching: reviewing the personal, contextual, and professional elements

This study aimed to review the notion of teacher immunity, how it relates to the specific characteristics of language teaching, and how teacher immunity can be modified or advanced through experience and teacher education. the idea of teacher immunity was proposed by hiver and dörnyei (2017) as the response to frequent confirmed experiences of stressors in teaching profession and it serves as a shield against the inevitable hassles of teaching contexts. the personal, contextual, and professional factors are reviewed thoroughly. the discussion concludes with recommendations for teacher education and professional development with a focus on immunity.