efficacy of syringic acid against cadmium-induced testicular damage in rats

Cadmium (cd) is a toxic heavy metal with strong toxicity and one of the most serious environmental pollutants. the cd is defined as a toxic heavy metal because it has no biological activity and has serious side effects. the structures, and physiological and biochemical functions of various organs, such as liver, kidney, lung, pancreas, testis, placenta, and bone may be affected by cd. syringic acid (sa) is a non-flavonoid phenolic compound in the hydroxybenzoic acid derivative, being frequently found in fruits and vegetables. in the present study, cd-induced testicular damage and the effectiveness of sa against this damage were investigated. for this purpose, 50 wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, including control, cd, sa50+cd, sa100+cd, and sa100. at the end of the seven-day study, the testicular tissues of the rats were placed in 10.00% buffered formalin solution and examined histopathologically. at the end of the examinations, it was determined that severe degeneration and necrosis were observed in spermatocytes due to cd, while this damage was reduced with sa application. further, it was observed that 8-ohdg and caspase 3 levels in testicular tissues increased significantly due to cd, while sa was found to reduce these parameters depending on the dose. as a result of the study, it was concluded that sa may be a reliable protective agent against cd-induced testicular damage.