a review of using medicinal plant extracts to preserve ram semen

Preserving ram sperm for artificial insemination and breeding programs is critical in enhancing genetic diversity, increasing productivity, and ensuring the sustainability of sheep farming. this process is far from routine, requiring careful attention to detail to maintain the quality and viability of stored sperm. in recent years, research has increasingly focused on using medicinal plant extracts due to their natural antioxidant properties which can mitigate oxidative stress—a leading cause of sperm degradation during storage. antioxidants are vital because they neutralize free radicals which can damage sperm cells and reduce fertility rates. this review emphasizes the significance of incorporating plant-based antioxidants into sperm preservation techniques. it explores various medicinal plant extracts such as green tea (camellia sinensis), rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis), garlic (allium sativum), and turmeric (curcuma longa), all of which have shown promise in extending sperm longevity. highlighting critical studies and the optimal dosages necessary to achieve the best outcomes, the review provides an in-depth analysis of both the advantages and potential limitations of using these natural compounds in ram sperm storage. through this comprehensive examination, the review underscores the growing importance of plant-based solutions in improving reproductive efficiency in livestock, offering valuable insights for future research and practical applications in sheep breeding programs.