encapsulation of hesperidin and evaluation of its anti-proliferative effect on murine breast tumor cells

Hesperidin (c28h34o15), a flavanone glycoside abundantly found in citrus fruits, has garnered significant attention for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties. however, its therapeutic efficacy is substantially hindered by poor bioavailability. to address this limitation, hesperidin was formulated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (plga) to enhance its stability and bioactive potential, thereby overcoming absorption challenges (1). in this study, hesperidin was encapsulated within plga nanoparticles, resulting in favorable physicochemical properties, and the anti-cancer effects were subsequently evaluated on murine breast cancer cells (4t1). to investigate the anti-cancer effects of hesperidin and its nanoparticles, 4t1 cancer cells were treated with various concentrations (20, 40, 60, and 100 µg/ml) of each compound. cell viability was assessed using the mtt assay. the growth rate and morphological changes were observed with an inverted light microscope. after treating the cells with the ic50 concentration of the compounds and incubating them for 48 hr, they were examined at 400× magnification, and images were captured (2). results from the mtt assay demonstrated a notably high cytotoxic effect of the hesperidin-loaded nanoparticles on 4t1 cells. further validation through cell morphology evaluation corroborated these findings. notably, the hesperidin nanoparticles exhibited significantly stronger anti-cancer activity compared to the free hesperidin, while also displaying high biocompatibility with minimal cytotoxic effects on healthy cells.