the effective role of microalgae in wastewater treatment and carbon dioxide capture in steel industry

1-steel manufacturing plays an important role in energy consumption, wastewater generation and carbon dioxide emission, which enhance damaging environmental effects. conventional treatment methods may cause adverse impacts, therefore, developing more green and sustainable technologies is crucial. microalgae have gained high attention for their ability to remove nutrient load from wastewater, approaching bio-refinery and bio-products production development. in this review, the potential of microalgae-based technology as a green novel solution for steel industry wastewater treatment and pollutant removal has been discussed. from the reviewed papers, it is evident that microalgae offer a promising and sustainable solution for removing heavy metals and hydrocarbons from steel industry wastewater. further, the feasibility of using microalgae for co2 sequestration and wastewater treatment in the steel industry has been demonstrated. however, future research should focus on scaling up the algae culture systems and optimizing conditions to achieve high productivity and economic viability.